Feasibility study for handheld quantum key distribution

量子密钥分发(QKD)是一种密码方案，提供了前所未有的数据安全级别。这可以用来防止数据泄露，比如自动取款机的“掠夺”攻击。我们的项目旨在开发量子密钥分发在保护ATM等终端和手持设备(如移动电话)之间短距离无线通信方面的实际应用。我们的联盟，诺基亚研发英国有限公司，阿尔法合同工程(ACE)和牛津大学已经确定了商业化的三个主要障碍，即缺乏低成本的光学无线转向技术，用于量子接收器的复杂光学组装的高成本障碍，以及缺乏可在CMOS平台上大规模制造的单光子探测器(SPD)阵列。将开发一种快速而精确的光学转向装置(牛津大学)，将单光子从手持设备引导到量子接收器。将对各个系统组件进行测试。特别是，将研究、制造和测试使用英国现有制造能力的小型化和简化的光学组件，以供QKD使用(ACE)。在可扩展的CMOS平台上对SPD阵列的关键参数进行了测量(牛津大学)，并进行了详细的仿真和建模，以选择最合适的转向方法。最后，利用简化光纤(ACE)构建了一个原型无线量子链路(诺基亚和牛津大学)，以演示安全量子无线交易的可行性。

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a cryptographic scheme which provides an unprecedented level of data security. Thiscan be used to prevent data breaches such as ATM 'Skimming' attacks. Our project seeks to develop practical applicationof QKD in securing short-range wireless communication between a terminal such as an ATM and a handheld device (e.g.mobile phone). Our consortium, Nokia R&D UK Ltd., Alpha Contract Engineering (ACE) and University of Oxford haveidentified the 3 main barriers to commercialisation, namely, the lack of low-cost optical wireless steering techniques, highcost barrier to complex optical assembly for quantum receivers and the lack of mass-manufacturable single photon detector(SPD) arrays on CMOS platform. A fast and precise optical steering device (University of Oxford) that directs singlephotons from a handheld device to a quantum receiver will be developed. Testing of individual system components will becarried out. In particular, miniaturised and simplified optical assemblies using existing UK manufacturing capability will beresearched, built and tested for QKD use (ACE). Critical parameters of SPD arrays on scalable CMOS platform will bemeasured (University of Oxford) and used in detailed simulation and modelling to select the best suited steering method.Finally, a prototype wireless quantum link will be built (Nokia & University of Oxford) with simplified optics (ACE) todemonstrate the feasibility of secure quantum wireless transactions.