Deconstruction and Recovery Information Modelling (DRIM): A Tool for identifying and reclaiming valuable materials at end-of-life of Buildings

在英国，每年有超过50，000座建筑物被拆除，导致大量的拆除废物最终被填埋（Power，2014）。值得注意的是，拆卸废物包括大部分有价值的建筑材料，如果适当回收，可以重新用于新建筑或翻新。然而，目前还没有这样的工具可以帮助识别有价值的建筑材料进行再利用和回收。该项目的总体目标是开发一种基于智能的工具，称为解构和恢复信息建模（DRIM），该工具将能够在建筑物的寿命结束时识别可重复使用和可回收的建筑材料。DRIM工具将实现：（i）制订拆卸计划;（ii）模拟拆卸过程;（iii）制订拆卸建筑物的程序，以便有效率地进行回收;（iv）改善拆卸废物收集计划。该工具针对新建和现有建筑部门。该工具将使用包括本体、NoSQL和大数据分析在内的创新技术来捕捉和预测建筑材料的寿命终止属性和价值。方法和计划：这是一个为期24个月（M）的项目，包含8个工作包（WP）：（i）WP 1-与设计师和供应商一起使用研讨会收集材料属性数据-第1 - 6个月（6 M）;（ii）WP 2-使用寿命结束的材料属性创建语义存储-第4 - 9个月（6 M）;（iii）WP 3-创建大数据分析模拟平台-第7 - 12个月（6个月）;（iv）WP 4-原型DRIM开发-第9 - 12个月（4个月）;（v）WP 5-完整DRIM开发-第13 - 21个月（9个月）;（vi）WP 6-DRIM工具的安全性和测试-第22 - 23个月（2个月）;工作方案7-开发和传播-第4- 24个月（21个月）;和工作方案8-项目管理-第1 - 24个月（24个月）。- （甘特图请参见附录B）.关键里程碑、可追溯性和现实时间表：WP 1-M6材料特性的巨大数据集; WP 2-M9寿命终止材料特性的数据库存储; WP 3-M12基于大数据分析的仿真平台; WP 4-M12 DRIM原型; WP 5-M21 DRIM全系统; WP 6-M23包装DRIM工具; WP7 -M4至M24的可开发和传播产出; WP8 -季度项目报告和会议。明确的管理报告线：Waste Plan Solutions Ltd.（WPS）的Lara Ayris将在项目管理员和开发经理的支持下管理和协调项目资源，以实现更广泛的推广。项目管理委员会（PMB）将负责推动项目，监督项目进度并提供相关建议。使用PRINCE 2方法，每个WP的任务经理将（i）管理日常项目活动（ii）每周与他们的WP团队会面（iii）每月会面（iv）每季度向PMB报告工作进度。- （项目管理结构请参见附录B）竞争解决方案：行业内现有的废物处理工具（即ArchiCAD、Revit、SMARTWaste、WRAP Netwaste等）具有解构和材料回收功能。因此，DRIM工具在行业内独一无二。它将提供一个模拟平台，以基准的寿命结束可重复使用，可回收和回收材料的设计的整个生命周期的可持续性。替代R&D策略：并行工程（CE）模式，这是基于并行化的任务（工作包）将作为一个R&D的方法为这个项目，相比传统的瀑布模型，任务arecarecared顺序进行。因此，CE将在项目持续时间的2年内完成研发。

More than 50,000 buildings are demolished yearly in the UK leading to huge demolition waste that ends in landfill (Power,2014). It is noted that demolition waste comprises significant proportion of valuable building materials that could be re-usedfor new constructions or refurbishment if recovered properly. However, no such tool currently exists that can help inidentification of valuable building materials for reuse & recycling. The overall aim of this project is to develop anintelligence-based tool called Deconstruction and Recovery Information Modelling (DRIM) that will enable identification ofreusable and recoverable building materials at end-of-life of a building. DRIM Tool will enable: (i) production ofdeconstruction plan; (ii) simulation of deconstruction process; (iii) production of deconstruction protocols during demolitionof the building to enable efficient recovery; (iv) improved demolition waste collection schemes. The tool is aimed at bothnew and existing buildings sector. The Tool will use innovative technologies that include ontologies, NoSQL and big dataanalytics to capture and predict end-of-life properties and value of building materials. It is about circular economy in theconstruction industry.Methodology and Plan: This is a 24 Months (M) project of 8 Work Packages (WP): (i) WP1 - Data collection on Materialsproperties using workshops with Designers and Suppliers - Month 1 - 6 (6M); (ii) WP2 - Creation of Semantic Store withEnd-of-Life Material Properties - Month 4 - 9 (6M); (iii) WP3 - Creation of Big Data Analytics Simulation Platform - Month 7 -12 (6M); (iv) WP4 -Prototype DRIM Development - Month 9 - 12 (4M); (v) WP5 - Full DRIM Development - Month 13 - 21(9M); (vi) WP6 - Security & Testing of DRIM tool - Month 22 - 23 (2M); (vii) WP7 - Exploitation and Dissemination - Month 4- 24 (21M); and (viii) WP8 - Project Management - Month 1 - 24 (24M). - (Please see Appendix B for Gantt Chart).Key Milestones, Deliverables & Realistic Timelines: WP1 - Gigantic Dataset of Material Properties @ M6; WP2 - Databasestorage of End-of-Life Material Properties @ M9; WP3 - Big Data Analytics based Simulation Platform @ M12; WP4 -DRIM Prototype @ M12; WP5 - DRIM Full System @ M21; WP6 - Packaged DRIM Tool @M23; WP7 - Exploitable &Dissemination Outputs @ M4 to M24; and WP8 - Quarterly Project Reports & Meetings.Clear Management Reporting Lines: Lara Ayris from Waste Plan Solutions Ltd. (WPS) will project manage and coordinateproject resources, with the support of Project Administrator and Exploitation Manager for wider roll-out. ProjectManagement Board (PMB) will be set to drive project, monitor project progress and provide relevant advice. UsingPRINCE2 methodology, Task managers for each WP will (i) manage day-to-day project activities (ii) meet with their WPteam on weekly basis (iii) meet monthly (iv) report quarterly to the PMB about work progress . - (Please see Appendix B forProject Management Structure).Rival Solutions: None of the existing waste tools within the industry (i.e. ArchiCAD, Revit, SMARTWaste, WRAP Netwaste,etc.) has deconstruction and material recovery functionality. The DRIM tool is therefore unique within the industry. It willprovide a simulation platform to benchmark the whole-life sustainability of designs in terms end-of-life re-usable, recyclableand recovered materials.Alternative R&D Strategies: Concurrent Engineering (CE) model which is based on parellelization of tasks (WorkPackages) will be used as a R&D approach for this project, as compared to traditional waterfall model where tasks arecarried out sequentially. CE will therefore enable R&D completion within 2 years of project duration.