UKCRIC - Bristol Soil-Foundation-Structure Interaction Facility (SoFSI)

UKCRIC的主要动机是降低基础设施的成本，并从中提取增加的价值。认知的不确定性是这些成本和价值问题的核心。最初的UKCRIC提案提出需要将大型到原型规模的实验作为解决关键认知不确定性的重要组成部分。土-基础-结构相互作用（SFSI）是不确定性最大的课题之一。目前的工程方法和实践规范倾向于单独处理问题的三个要素，并且通常只通过最原始的手段引入它们的耦合。因此，是否考虑整体系统响应，特别是对动态负载的影响、缺陷和好处，人们知之甚少。这导致了许多设计中的过度保守，由于感知到的不确定性而限制了创新，并且在某些情况下导致了意外的失败，特别是在涉及地震和其他动态载荷的情况下。传统的小规模实验室模拟和现有的数值模拟技术无法可靠地捕获许多这些整体系统响应效应。基于这些理由，UKCRIC的科学案例成功地论证了大型动力土壤-基础-结构相互作用设施的必要性。UKCRIC土壤-基础-结构相互作用设施（SoFSI）将建在布里斯托尔大学，将是一个大型的室外化合物，配备模块化反应墙、反应板、伺服液压和其他设备和办公空间，可以重新配置和增强以适应特定实验的需要。设想的化合物将测量为150 × 50米，并将有一个简单的，可重构的，破碎的岩石床，上面可以应用模块化反应板或其他合适的表面准备，以适应实验的需要。安全的模块化办公室将基于ISO标准集装箱模式。反应墙和土壤样本容器将由大型互锁的钢筋混凝土块建造，这些块可以预应力在一起，或者用钢梁支撑，以提高强度和刚度。这些块将被详细设计以容纳执行器和其他设备附件，并在其他要求中促进安全访问和工作条件。敏感设备，如执行器和液压动力包模块，将被封闭在专门设计的防风雨外壳中。控制室将设在移动办公室内，定位在实验的当地，并根据后者的需要进行配置。必要时，将在整个钻井平台上采用覆层脚手架进行整体环境保护。SoFSI设施将成为UKCRIC布里斯托尔合作实验室（生活实验室）的一个节点，通过高性能网络连接到创新的布里斯托尔开放（BIO） IT网络基础设施（www.bristolisopen.com）。该合作实验室可访问的参与和联合生产空间，具有先进的数据可视化能力，并与BIO连接，将允许广泛的用户参与和参与SoFSI活动的联合生产。通过BIO连接和协作实验室功能，基础设施专业人员、业主和企业将能够与学术界合作，构思和执行SoFSI实验计划，并更容易地访问和使用结果数据。合作实验室的联合生产空间将向市民和年轻人开放，卫星节点位于城市地区周围的学校、学院和社区中心。这将使UKCRIC SoFSI社区与这些团体积极接触，提高公众对研究的认识，最重要的是，刺激未来工程师和基础设施专业人员的培养。

The primary motivation of UKCRIC is to drive down the cost of infrastructure and to extract increased value from it. Epistemic uncertainty is at the heart of these cost and value issues. The original UKCRIC proposal set out the need for large to prototype scale experimentation as an essential part of resolving key epistemic uncertainties. Soil-foundation-structure interaction (SFSI) is one of the topics carrying greatest uncertainty. Current engineering methods and codes of practice tend to treat the three elements of the problem separately and usually only introduce their coupling through the crudest of means. As a result, the implications, deficiencies and benefits of whether or not to consider the holistic system response, especially for dynamic loadings, are poorly understood. This leads to over-conservatism in many designs, to restrictions on innovation due to the perceived uncertainties, and in some cases to unexpected failures, particularly where earthquake and other dynamic loads are concerned. Conventional smaller scale laboratory modelling and available numerical modelling techniques are unable to capture reliably many of these holistic system response effects. The UKCRIC scientific case successfully argued the need for a large scale dynamic soil-foundation-structure interaction facility on these grounds.The UKCRIC Soil-Foundation-Structure Interaction Facility (SoFSI), to be built at the University of Bristol, will be a large outdoor compound populated with modular reaction walls, reaction slabs, servo-hydraulic and other equipment and office spaces, which can be reconfigured and augmented to suit the needs of particular experiments. The envisaged compound will measure 150x50m and will have a simple, reconstitutable, crushed rock bed on top of which modular reaction slabs or other suitable surface preparations may be applied to suit the needs of the experiment. Secure modular offices will be based on ISO standard shipping container patterns. Reaction walls and soil specimen containers will be built from large interlocking reinforced concrete blocks that can be pre-stressed together, or bolstered by steel beams, for strength and stiffness. The blocks will be detailed to accommodate actuator and other equipment attachments, and to facilitate safe access and working conditions amongst other requirements. Sensitive equipment, such as actuators and hydraulic power pack modules, will be enclosed in purpose designed weather-proof enclosures. Control rooms will be in mobile offices, positioned locally to the experiment and configured to suit the needs of the latter. Where necessary, overall environmental protection will be provided by clad scaffolding envelopes over the whole rig.The SoFSI facility will be a node of the UKCRIC Bristol Collaboratory (living laboratory) through a high performance network connection to the innovative Bristol Is Open (BIO) IT network infrastructure (www.bristolisopen.com). The Collaboratory's accessible engagement and co-production spaces, with advanced data visualisation capabilities, and connections to BIO, will allow broad user engagement and participation in the co-production of SoFSI activities. Through the BIO connection and Collaboratory capabilities, infrastructure professionals, owners and businesses will be able to work with academics to conceive and execute SoFSI experimental programmes and to access and use the resulting data more readily. The Collaboratory co-production spaces will be open to citizens and young people, with satellite nodes being located in schools, colleges and community centres around the city-region. This will enable the UKCRIC SoFSI community to engage actively with these groups, raising public awareness of the research and, most importantly, stimulating the pipeline of future engineers and infrastructure professionals.