Centre of Excellence for Hybrid Thermal Propulsion Systems

支持电动汽车（ev）的广泛采用所需的投资规模（在发电、输电和充电基础设施方面）是巨大的。这一点，再加上车队更替、消费者接受和采用新技术带来的自然延迟，表明向电网供电为主的电动汽车车队的过渡将是一个渐进的过程，而且基础设施往往受到限制。这一繁荣伙伴关系提出了一条实现车队全面电气化的更快的新途径。我们建议开发一种热推进系统（TPS），与匹配的混合能量回收系统相结合，将能够以能量密集的液体燃料为电动汽车提供动力，其经济和环境成本与从电网进口电力相同或更低。通过利用全球建立的成熟容量的加油网络，该合作伙伴关系将提供的TPS技术将使零排放、电动汽车的广泛采用，领先于依赖电网的电池电动汽车（BEV）和氢燃料电池电动汽车（FCEV）所需的基础设施发展。随着纯电动汽车和燃料电池电动汽车使用量的增加，这将减轻英国发电能力和配电网络的负担，为电网和充电基础设施的发展提供宝贵的时间，同时在可再生能源输入低的情况下为低碳运输提供选择。这项工作对英国制造业具有重大的国家重要性。这项研究将保护TPS的作用，以及英国成熟的发动机制造专业知识，在汽车市场快速增长的低排放汽车领域。英国政府预测，到2030年，这些低排放汽车的全球市场价值将达到每年1.0-2.0万亿英镑，到2050年将达到每年3.6-7.6万亿英镑。英国的汽车供应链作为一个整体将受益于世界领先的技术，这一合作伙伴关系寻求提供。这一合作关系结合了捷豹路虎（JLR）的行业知识、设计和制造资源，以及英国两个领先的TPS研究小组的学术专长。牛津大学在光学诊断和汽缸内现象（喷射、燃烧和排放）研究方面处于世界领先地位。巴斯大学在空气处理、废热回收以及车辆动力系统的系统级分析和建模研究方面也同样是专家。这项研究分为相互关联的“大挑战”。捷豹路虎将主导TPS概念车的设计和评估。牛津大学将对与混合动力TPS操作相关的极端稀燃和高度稀燃条件下的混合、点火、燃烧和排放形成进行基础实验研究。来自这些实验的数据将在牛津大学用于开发和验证新的预测模型，这些模型反过来将反馈给捷豹路虎的概念设计过程和巴斯大学的系统模型。牛津大学还将为实验开发新的和改进的测量工具和方法。巴斯大学将研究低等级和高等级的热回收、空气处理和增压系统，展示和评估原型多缸TPS的概念，并反馈给捷豹路虎的概念设计过程。巴斯还将在混合动力系统中对TPS系统进行广泛的系统和车辆建模（使用针对牛津数据验证的模型），以优化系统级能量平衡，并在虚拟环境中演示目标系统级能量回收。

The scale of the investment (in power generation, transmission and charging infrastructure) that is required to support the widespread adoption of Electric Vehicles (EVs) is massive. This, combined with natural delays associated with fleet turnover and consumer acceptance and adoption of new technology, suggests that the transition to a predominantly grid-supplied EV fleet will be gradual and often infrastructure-limited. This Prosperity Partnership proposes a new and faster route to full fleet electrification. We propose to develop a Thermal Propulsion System (TPS) that, combined with a matched hybrid energy recovery system, will be capable of powering an EV from an energy dense liquid fuel at the same or lower economic and environmental cost than would be incurred by importing electricity to the vehicle from the grid. By utilising a globally established refuelling network of proven capacity, the TPS technology that will be delivered by this partnership will enable the widespread adoption of zero-emissions capable, electrically driven, vehicles ahead of the required infrastructure developments of the grid-dependent Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV) and the hydrogen Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle (FCEV). This will lighten the burden on the UK's electricity generating capacity and distribution network as BEV and FCEV usage increases, allowing valuable time for the required development of grid and charging infrastructures while simultaneously providing an option for low carbon transport at times of low renewable input to the grid. This work is of substantial national importance to the UK's manufacturing sector. The research will protect the role of the TPS, and the UK's well-established engine manufacturing expertise, within the rapidly growing low-emission vehicle sector of the automotive market. The UK government predict that the global market for these low-emissions vehicles could be worth £1.0-2.0 trillion per year by 2030, and £3.6-7.6 trillion per year by 2050. The UK's automotive supply chain as a whole would benefit from the world leading technology that this Partnership seeks to provide.This Partnership combines the industry knowledge, design and manufacturing resources of Jaguar Land Rover (JLR), with the academic expertise of two of the UK's leading TPS research groups. The University of Oxford are world-leaders in the development of optical diagnostics and the study of in-cylinder phenomena: sprays, combustion and emissions. The University of Bath are similarly expert in the study of air handling, waste heat recovery and the systems-level analysis and modelling of vehicle powertrain. The research is divided into interrelated "Grand Challenges". Jaguar Land Rover will lead the TPS concept design and evaluation. The University of Oxford will perform fundamental experimental studies on mixing, ignition, combustion and emissions formation under extreme lean-burn and highly dilute conditions relevant to hybrid-focused TPS operation. The data from these experiments will be used at Oxford to develop and validate new predictive models that, in turn, will feed back into concept design process at JLR and systems models at the University of Bath. Oxford will also develop new and improved measurement tools and methods for the experiments. The University of Bath will investigate low-grade and high-grade heat recovery, air-handling and boosting systems--demonstrating and evaluating concepts on a prototype multi-cylinder TPS and feeding back in to JLR's concept design process. Bath will also perform extensive systems and vehicle modelling of the TPS system (using models validated against Oxford's data) in a hybrid powertrain to optimise system-level energy balance and demonstrate the target systems-level energy recovery in a virtual environment.