METABOLIC AND CARDIAC EFFECTS OF EXERCISE IN THE ELDERLY

运动对老年人代谢和心脏的影响 该项目代表了几个 华盛顿大学各系和学院 进行基础广泛的研究计划，以定义代谢 以及有氧运动训练对心血管的影响 老年人的假设是，在老年人中进行培训将 对我们的生理参数有积极的影响 已定义。 该方案项目包括一个核心和四个项目。其核心是 将招募和培训受试者，维护和分析 项目数据，监督研究的实施 活动，并推动相关领域的新研究计划 与该项目相关。这四个项目将解决 健康青年和老年受试者的一般问题如下：1) 在训练和训练中发生的心血管变化 肾上腺素能机制可能是导致 发生的适应；2)训练对交感神经的影响 神经系统活动、能量消耗和身体 3)训练对肾上腺素能神经系统的影响 反应性由肾上腺素能受体功能和 腺苷环化酶活性；4)训练对小鼠的影响 碳水化合物代谢和胰岛素敏感性及释放。这个 各个项目将不仅仅通过核心联系在一起 活动还受不同数据之间的关联 项目，例如，淋巴细胞和血小板之间的关系 肾上腺素能受体机制与心血管肾上腺素能 反应性；胰岛素敏感性与 交感神经活动和身体成分；以及 脂肪组织肾上腺素能受体机制与 身体成分和脂肪分布。 我们假设：1)在参加了6个月的有氧运动后 青年和老年受试者的锻炼计划都将 表现出最大有氧能力的显著改善 容量。2)其他测量的心血管和 代谢参数在年轻人和老年人中都会出现 并将与有氧能力的变化成正比。 这些研究的发现可能最终有助于定义 大鼠对运动训练的生理和细胞反应 老年人。在未来，有可能恢复失去的 适时生理学对老年靶组织反应性的影响 和生化操作。

The Metabolic and Cardiac Effects of exercise in the Elderly Project represents the collaborative efforts of several Departments and Schools at the University of Washington to conduct a broad-based research program to define the metabolic and cardiovascular consequences of aerobic exercise training in the elderly with the hypothesis that training in the elderly will have a positive impact on the physiological parameters we have defined. The program project includes a core and four projects. The core will recruit and train the subjects, maintain and analyze the project data, oversee the implementation of the research activities, and promote relevant new research programs in areas related to the project. The four projects will address the following general issues in healthy young and elderly subjects: 1) The cardiovascular changes which occur with training and the adrenergic mechanisms which may be responsible for the adaptations that occur; 2) The effects of training on sympathetic nervous system activity, energy expenditure, and body composition; 3) The effects of training on adrenergic responsiveness as defined by adrenergic receptor function and adenylate cyclase activity; 4) The effects of training on carbohydrate metabolism and insulin sensitivity and release. The individual projects will be tied together not only by the Core activities but also by correlation of data between the different projects, e.g., the relationship between lymphocyte and platelet adrenergic receptor mechanisms and cardiovascular adrenergic responsiveness; the relationship between insulin sensitivity and both sympathetic activity, and body composition; and the correlation of adipose tissue adrenergic receptor mechanisms to body composition and fat distribution. We hypothesize that: 1) After participation in a 6 month aerobic exercise program both young and elderly subjects will demonstrate significant improvements in maximal aerobic capacity. 2) Improvements in other measured cardiovascular and metabolic parameters will occur in both young and elderly groups and will be proportional to the changes in aerobic capacity. Findings from these studies may ultimately help define the physiological and cellular responses to exercise training in the elderly. In the future it may be possible to restore lost responsiveness in aged target tissues by appropriate physiologic and biochemical manipulations.