The flavour of New Physics in the loops of hadronic beauty decays

粒子物理学的标准模型（SM），虽然令人难以置信的成功，是众所周知的，不能提供一个充分的描述各种观察到的物理现象。精细测量是在极高能量标度下寻找超越SM的新物理（NP）的理想实验室。该提议将利用大型强子对撞机（LHCb）美夸克实验（beauty-quark）收集的数据，精确测量高NP灵敏度的衰变率比和弱相，这些衰变率比和弱相出现在美夸克到奇异夸克或下夸克的跃迁中。所考虑的弱相称为phi-s，具有非常小的和精确已知的价值，在SM使其确定的主要途径，探索NP。然而，解释的experimentalmeasurement，在SM的框架内，是复杂的未知污染的贡献。本文提出了一种新的分析方法，该方法利用衰变的味对称性，同时提取未知的贡献，从而克服了上述问题。这一方法将是世界上第一个利用这种分析方法对φ s进行精确测量的方法。我们将研究一个由七个相互关联的中性B介子经矢量-矢量态衰变为强子的衰变模式族。除了提取弱相phi-s之外，对这些衰变的复杂振幅结构的理解将提供对新物理学在其衰变动力学中的作用的见解。该计划将对各种引人注目的衰变率参数和阶段进行世界上第一次和世界上最精确的测量，这些参数和阶段将探索这些过程的基本性质。在该计划的时间轴期间，可用的数据集将增加40倍，该项目将在分析技术和软件工具方面提供最前沿的发展。其结果伊萨物理学领域的一个台阶式变化，这将首次允许进行这些精确的测量。

The Standard Model (SM) of Particle Physics, whilst incredibly successfully, is known not to provide anadequate description for various observed physical phenomena. Precision measurements in the flavoursector are an ideal laboratory to search for New Physics (NP) beyond the SM at very high energy scales.This proposal will make precise measurements of highly NP sensitive decay rate ratios and weak phases,which arise in beauty-quark to strange- or down-quark transitions, using data collected at the LargeHadron Collider beauty (LHCb) experiment.The weak phase under consideration, called phi-s, has a very small and precisely known value in the SMmaking its determination a prime avenue for exploration of NP. However, interpretation of the experimentalmeasurement, within the framework of the SM, is complicated by unknown polluting contributions. Thisissue is overcome in this proposal using a novel analysis technique, which simultaneously extracts theunknown contribution by exploiting flavour symmetries that are known to hold for the decays under study.This proposal will make the world's first precision measurement of phi-s using this analysis method.A family of seven inter-related decay modes of neutral B-mesons to hadrons, via vector-vector states, willbe investigated. Beyond extraction of the weak phase, phi-s, understanding of the complex amplitudestructure of these decays will provide insights into the role of New Physics in their decay dynamics. Thisproposal will make world's first and world's most precise measurements of various compelling decay rateparameters and phases which probe the fundamental nature of these processes.During the timeline of this proposal the available datasets will increase by a factor of forty and theproject will deliver cutting-edge developments in analysis techniques and software tools. The outcome isa step-change in the physics reach, which will permit these precision measurements to be made for thefirst time.