ThorougH experiMental and numerical investigation of Coupled processes for geologiC Carbon Storage

十亿吨级的地质碳储存被认为是减缓气候变化和实现《巴黎协定》将全球变暖控制在远低于2摄氏度的目标的可行和有效的解决方案。注入的二氧化碳会溶解到居留的卤水中，增加其酸度并促进岩石的化学反应，这可能会导致岩石结构发生不可逆转的变化。评估这些变化对于限制可实现的存储能力和注入量范围以及地下地质力学响应至关重要。THMC4CCS旨在大幅提高对二氧化碳-岩石-卤水相互作用及其对地下对二氧化碳注入的短期和长期响应的影响的知识。为此，它遵循连贯的实验建模工作流程，并在经验丰富的研究人员(ER)和主管之间建立了互补的协同作用，分别具有地质力学和岩石反应流方面的专业知识。实验室测试针对不同碳酸盐含量的岩石类型，以达到对化学-机械耦合过程的一般理解和本构公式。所得到的模型将在开放获取的数值代码中实施，通过再现实验室测试结果进行验证，并用于模拟百万吨级的二氧化碳喷射。利用尖端实验室技术评估耦合过程，并将其直接纳入实地范围的模拟，使这一跨学科项目独一无二。THMC4CCS的成功开发将为优化地质碳储量铺平道路。设想了一项关于科学技能和可转移技能的广泛培训计划，以不仅实现研究目标，而且将研究员转变为领先的独立研究人员。拟议中的申请符合欧盟对气候变化和发展可持续能源系统的压倒一切的担忧。该项目具有很大的推广潜力，并直接为欧洲的研究成果、社会生活和经济做出贡献。

Geologic carbon storage at the gigatonne scale is deemed a feasible and effective solution to mitigate climate change and reach the Paris Agreement goal of limiting global warming to well below 2C. The injected CO2 dissolves into the resident brine, increasing its acidity and promoting chemical reactions of rock that may cause irreversible changes in the rock structure. Assessing these changes is essential to constrain achievable ranges of storage capacity and injectivity and the geomechanical response of the subsurface. THMC4CCS aims at substantially improving the knowledge of CO2-rock-brine interactions and their impact on short- and long-term response of the subsurface to CO2 injection. To do so, it follows a coherent experimental-modeling workflow and establishes a complementary synergy between the experienced researcher (ER) and the supervisor, with expertise in geomechanics and reactive flow in rock, respectively. Laboratory tests target rock types of different carbonate content to arrive at a general understanding and constitutive formulation of coupled chemical-mechanical processes. The resulting model will be implemented in an open-access numerical code, validated by reproducing the laboratory test results, and employed to simulate megatonne-scale CO2 injection. Employing cutting-edge laboratory techniques to assess coupled processes and their direct incorporation into field-scale simulations make this interdisciplinary project unique. The successful development of THMC4CCS will pave the way for optimized geologic carbon storage. An extensive training plan on both scientific and transferable skills is envisioned to not only attain the research goals but also convert the fellow into a leading independent researcher. The proposed application is in line with the EU's overriding concerns on climate change and developing sustainable energy systems. The project has great outreach potential and directly contributes to the European research output, social life, and economy.