RISEandFALL - The rise and fall of galaxies in the early Universe

了解最早的星系的性质和物理过程，负责建立他们的恒星质量和化学富集，以及他们随后的下降方面的星星形成，是一些河外天体物理学的最终目标。该项目将主要利用两个即将建成的尖端观测设施，即詹姆斯·韦伯空间望远镜和甚大望远镜上的月球摄谱仪，以及阿塔卡马大（亚）毫米阵列的数据，在这些专题上实现前所未有的飞跃。该项目分为两个主要部分：第一部分调查星系的幼年期及其在早期宇宙时代的快速成长和化学富集;第二部分将调查使星星形成猝灭的竞争过程，从而导致被动系统的出现。了解整个宇宙时代星系的“兴衰”是一个广阔的研究领域。该提案将侧重于以下雄心勃勃的目标：1）确定和揭示第一批星系及其黑洞种子的性质; 2）确定恒星质量增长和相关化学富集的早期演化，以限制早期宇宙中的主要星系演化机制;（3）确定在整个宇宙时期中星系中星星形成猝灭的主要过程。

Understanding the nature of the very first galaxies and the physical processes responsible for the build up of their stellar mass and chemical enrichment, as well as their subsequent decline in terms of star formation, are some of the ultimate goals of extragalactic astrophysics. This project will primarily exploit access to two forthcoming, cutting-edge observing facilities, the James Webb Space Telescope and the MOONS spectrograph on the Very Large Telescope, as well as data from the Atacama Large (sub-)Millimetre Array, to achieve an unprecedented leap forward on these topics. The project is divided in two main parts: the first one investigating galaxies in their infancy and their rapid growth and chemical enrichment during the early cosmic epochs; the second part will investigate the competing processes that quench star formation resulting in the emergence of passive systems. Understanding the 'Rise and Fall' of galaxies across the cosmic epochs is a vast area of research. The proposal will focus on the following, ambitious goals: 1) identify and reveal the nature of the first population of galaxies and of their black hole seeds; 2) determine the early evolution of the stellar mass growth and associated chemical enrichment to constrain the primary galaxy evolutionary mechanisms in the early Universe; 3) determine the primary processes responsible for quenching star formation in galaxies across the cosmic epochs.