Quantum-limited super-resolution imaging

提高成像的分辨率在许多科学技术领域都是至关重要的，但一直受到衍射极限的限制。将光场视为量子系统，量子信息理论表明，通过将光场分解成不同的空间模式，从根本上打破衍射极限是可能的。然而，接近全成像的量子极限的方法尚不清楚，实现真正微观物体的量子极限超分辨率是一项挑战。为了解决这一问题，本研究的目标是：(1)确定全成像的量子分辨率极限；(2)开发一种实用且通用的量子极限成像方法；(3)实现了量子有限远场显微镜的原型。通过对研究和可转移技能的综合培训，这一行动将使申请人的学术领导能力多样化。该研究将整合多学科和跨学科的方法，结合(1)量子断层扫描和统计分析与Fisher信息形式，(2)空间模式操作和光检测，以及(3)纳米光学/显微镜建立全成像的量子估计理论，开发新的检测技术，进行微观成像并评估其优于传统成像的优势。这三个研究目标对应于三个渐进的研究工作包，以确保奖学金的成功，以及各种传播/利用计划，以最大限度地发挥行动的影响。拟议的目标，如果成功，将产生革命性的成像技术，有可能改变涉及光学成像的所有科学和技术领域的面貌，包括天文学，生物学，医学和纳米技术，以及光学机械工业。

Enhancing the resolution in imaging is crucial for many fields in science and technology but is always hampered by the diffractionlimit. Treating light fields as quantum systems, quantum information theory show that it is possible to fundamentally break thediffraction limit by demultiplexing the optical field into different spatial modes. However, the way to approach the quantum limit forfull imaging remains unclear and it is challenging to realize quantum-limited super-resolution for truly microscopic objects. To tacklethis problem, the proposed research aims to: (1) identify the quantum resolution limit for full imaging; (2) develop a practical anduniversal imaging method towards the quantum limit; (3) realize the prototype of quantum-limited far-field microscope. Throughcomprehensive training on both research and transferable skills, this action will diversify the applicant's competences for academicleadership.The research will integrate multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary approaches, combining (1) quantum tomography and statisticalanalysis with Fisher information formalism, (2) spatial mode manipulation and detection of light, and (3) nano-optics/microscopy toestablish quantum estimation theory of full imaging, develop novel detection techniques, perform microscopic imaging and evaluateits advantages over conventional imaging.The 3 research objectives correspond to 3 progressive research work packages to ensure the success of the fellowship, together witha variety of dissemination/exploitation plans to maximize the impact of the action. The proposed objectives, if successful, will result ina revolutionary imaging technology with a potential to change the faces of all fields of science and technology that involve opticalimaging, ranging over astronomy, biology, medicine and nanotechnology, as well as optomechanical industry.