RESEARCH CENTER: ETIOLOGY & TREATMENT OF ALC DEPENDENCE

酒精的病因和治疗研究中心 依赖关系致力于系统地检查 酒精使用的性质、发展和临床管理 精神错乱。该中心围绕一个综合网络进行组织 三个基础科学实验室(神经生物学、神经动力学、 和心理生理学)和一个治疗评估实验室， 将基本的科学方法和概念纳入其计划。 在下一个五年资助期内，我们建议推出一项 实验室研究和治疗的多学科方案 四个主要研究组成部分内的评估研究。 研究部分I涉及四项有前景的临床研究 干预措施，包括新的药物疗法(5-羟色胺摄取 抑制剂和非苯二氮平抗焦虑药)，手动引导 认知行为疗法，线索暴露条件疗法， 和心理治疗。第二部分由三个实验室组成 旨在澄清酒精与酒精之间关系的研究 大鼠对酒精相关刺激的依赖和生物学反应 人类受试者。我们还建议启动动物研究，以 阐明我们关于条件反射的人体研究结果 神经内分泌反应作为影响饮酒的因素。 第三个研究部分将集中于反社会人格。 天冬氨酸转氨酶(ASP)和家族史是酒精依赖的危险因素。 一项正在进行的遗传和疾病的纵向前瞻性研究 环境脆弱性因素将在队列中继续存在 酗酒者青壮年子代的研究 酒精依赖的最大风险。另外两项研究将 检查可能的风险因素(ASP、家族史和气质) 关于中枢神经系统功能和心理生理学的测量 对酒精相关线索的反应。组件IV将检查 乙醇在生物膜中的安培处理 利用X射线和中子衍射法测量水平。这么高 解析方法将与功能标记相关联 膜受体和酶。最终，这些技术将 在人体生物膜上进行测试，以确定 对酒精中毒或长期饮酒的遗传易感性 硒以一种可测量的方式改变了细胞膜。

The Center for Research on the Etiology and Treatment of Alcohol Dependence is dedicated to the systematic examination of the nature, development, and clinical management of alcohol-use disorders. The Center is organized around an integrated network of three basic science laboratories (Neurobiology, Neurodynamics, and Psychophysiology) and one treatment evaluation laboratory which incorporates basic science methods and concepts into its program. During the next five-year grant period we propose to initiate a multidisciplinary program of laboratory studies and treatment evaluation research within four major research components. Research Component I involves four studies of promising clinical interventions, including new pharmacotherapies (serotonin uptake inhibitors and nonbenzodiazapine anxiolytics), manual-guided cognitive-behavioral therapy, cue exposure conditioning therapy, and psychotherapy. Component II consists of three laboratory-based studies designed to clarify the relationship between alcohol dependence and biological responses to alcohol-related stimuli in human subjects. We also propose to initiate animal studies to clarify results of our human research with respect to conditioned neuroendocrine responses as factors affecting alcohol consumption. The third research component will focus on antisocial personality (ASP) and family history as risk factors for alcohol dependence. An ongoing longitudinal prospective study of genetic and environmental vulnerability factors will be continued in a cohort study of young adult offspring of alcoholics during the period of maximum risk for alcohol dependence. Two additional studies will examine putative risk factors (ASP, family history and temperament) in relation to measures of CNS functioning and psychophysiological responsiveness to alcohol-related cues. Component IV will examine the disposition of ethanol in biological membranes at the angstrom level by using x-ray and neutron diffraction techniques. This high resolution approach will be correlated with functional markers of membrane receptors and enzymes. Ultimately, these techniques will be tested on human biological membranes to determine whether genetic susceptibility to alcoholism or long-term alcohol use per se alters membranes in a measurable way.