Earth observation and socio-economic data visualisation in support of marine governance and future marine economic prosperity and health

社会基本上依赖自然环境及其提供的生态系统服务来实现经济和社会目标，包括创造就业机会和保持与健康环境的文化联系。地球观测(EO)与社会经济数据相结合，有助于更好地为规划提供信息，以优化自然环境的可持续利用，以促进经济增长和保护工作。使用社会经济分析还可以确保在不同空间尺度上进行分析，解决社区一级的分配、复原力和脆弱性问题。海洋空间计划正被用来为决定在何处安置海洋环境中的各种经济和养护活动并将其置于同一地点提供信息。然而，它们目前是在独立于EO数据的情况下汇编的，这些数据可以提供关键的时间和空间信息，例如水质、叶绿素浓度、有害藻华的存在(HAB)、海表面温度(SST)和海洋锋面。这些数据可与其他卫星数据一起使用，包括对渔船和航运活动的监测，以：从环境角度评估当前活动的位置是否最有效；确定可进一步发展海洋产业经济的潜在领域，如发电、水产养殖和旅游业；以及更好地确定保护杰出海洋质量的区域和指定海洋保护区。然后，可以利用社会科学将这些发展选择转化为经济影响(例如，对创造就业机会、创收、沿海社区利益分配、产业多样化程度的估计)和社会影响(例如，强调地方感、文化认同感、社会凝聚力的重要性)，以协助决定采用哪种发展选择。这些产出将提供信息，以支持国家和地方各级的循证治理，并协助利益攸关方参与决策。

Societies rely fundamentally on the natural environment and the ecosystem services it provides to fulfil economic and social goals including job generation and maintenance of cultural links with healthy environments. Earth observation (EO) combined with socio-economic data can help better inform planning to optimise the sustainable use of the natural environment for economic growth and conservation efforts. Use of socio-economic analysis can also ensure that analysis at different spatial scales can be performed addressing distributional, resilience and vulnerability issues at community level. Marine spatial plans are being used to inform decisions of where to locate and co-locate various economic and conservation activities in the marine environment. However, they are currently compiled in isolation of EO data which could provide critical temporal and spatial information of, for example, water quality, chlorophyll concentration, presence of harmful algal blooms (HAB), sea surface temperature (SST) and ocean fronts. These data could be used, alongside other satellite data, including the monitoring of fishing vessels and shipping movements, to: evaluate whether current activities are most efficiently located from an environmental perspective; identify potential areas for further economic development in marine industries, such as power generation, aquaculture, and tourism, and; improve identification of areas for the protection of outstanding marine quality and designation of marine reserves. Social science can then be used to translate these development options into economic (e.g. estimation of job creation, revenue generation, distribution of benefits within coastal communities, level of diversification of industries) and social (e.g. highlighting importance of sense of place, cultural identity, social cohesion) impacts to assist in the decisions of which development options to pursue. These outputs will provide information to support evidence-based governance at the national and local levels as well as aiding stakeholder participation in decisions.