NewtonRCUK-CONACYT Co-constructing Security Provision in Mexico: A Methodology and Action Plan from Communities to the State

2006年至2014年期间，有超过17.5万人丧生，2.6万人失踪，暴力行为越来越明显和残酷，墨西哥的安全状况在过去十年中急剧恶化。暴力和安全是经济发展和社会福利的关键方面。作为一个具有强大全球潜力的新兴经济体，墨西哥当前的安全危机暴露了国家安全应对措施的弱点，对投资、就业和减贫产生了严重影响。人们对国家安全保障的信任度很低，这鼓励了治安维持者的正义，让那些有财力的人依赖私人安保，同时也造成了有罪不罚的现象，这进一步助长了暴力和犯罪。当地经济已经屈服于犯罪分子，一系列贩毒组织扩大和改变了他们的非法活动。勒索和暴力威胁摧残着成千上万公民的生活。许多墨西哥社区、民间和国家行为体正在寻找减少暴力和犯罪的新办法。这项研究和行动项目将在四个精心挑选的案例研究地点开发和测试与这些参与者共同构建安全供应的方法：蒂华纳、阿帕津甘、阿卡普尔科和瓜达卢佩。它将与社区、民间社会和国家行为体合作，更好地诊断他们所面临的安全威胁，但最重要的是，在他们的地方建立对安全作为一种有效和公平的公共产品的共同理解。它将鼓励根据收入、性别、种族和其他社会因素了解暴力、不安全和安全提供的不同影响。它将使用从头开始构建的“地方安全议程”来影响墨西哥和其他国家的国家安全方法。最后，它将利用这项研究促进全球南方围绕安全、暴力和发展展开更广泛的辩论。

With more than 175, 000 lives lost between 2006 and 2014, 26,000 people disappeared, and the proliferation of ever more visible and brutal expressions of violence, Mexico's security has experienced a dramatic deterioration over the last decade. Violence and security are key dimensions of economic development and social welfare. An emerging economy with strong global potential, Mexico's current security crisis has exposed the weaknesses of state security responses with serious implications for investment, employment and poverty reduction. Trust in the state's security provision is very low, and this encourages vigilante justice, dependence on private security amongst those with resources to pay for it and also generates the impunity which further fuels violence and criminality. Local economies have succumbed to criminal actors, and a range of drug trafficking organisations have expanded and mutated their illegal activities. Extortion as well as threats of violence blight the lives of thousands of citizens. Many Mexican community, civil and state actors are searching for new options to reduce violence and criminality. This research and action project will develop and test methodologies for co- constructing security provision with these actors in four carefully selected case studies locations: Tijuana, Apatzingan, Acapulco and Guadalupe. It will work with community, civil society and state actors to both better diagnose the security threats they face but most importantly to build shared understandings of security as an effective and equitable public good in their localities. It will encourage understanding of the differential impacts of violence, insecurity and security provision according to income, gender, ethnicity and other social factors. It will use 'local security agendas' constructed from the ground up, to influence the national security approaches in Mexico and beyond. Finally, It will use the research to contribute to wider debates in the global South around security, violence and development.