MULTIDISCIPLINARY STUDY OF PCBS & PCDFS AT A WASTE SITE

这项建议是针对暴露在空气中对人类健康的危害 多氯联苯及其剧毒杂质； 多氯二苯并呋喃(PCDF)。它整合了对这些问题的研究 生活在垃圾场附近的人类化学物质与实验室研究 在哺乳动物和神经学模式物种中，海洋腹足类动物海兔。 将全程应用新的化学分析技术进行观察 人体体液中100多种多氯联苯和多氯二苯并呋喃的常见同系物 动物组织。它还将用于监控工程规模 超临界流体萃取和破坏这些化合物的研究 技术、常温和嗜热菌，以及 典型地质填埋材料的渗透性研究。九 提出的项目是：i)一项美洲土著人的流行病学研究 住在超级基金附近的保留地(Akwesasne)上的社区- 被多氯联苯和多氯二苯并呋喃污染的指定垃圾填埋场。级别 孕妇和哺乳期母亲食用的鱼类和野生动物中的污染物 将与包括母乳在内的体液中的水平相关，以及 与婴儿尿液和粪便水平的关系；ii)前和后两年的研究 仔鼠出生后暴露于多氯联苯和多氯二苯并呋喃，与怀孕相关 脑神经化学的结果、发育测试和改变 有身体负担的；iii)动物肝脏的形态研究 第二部分，使用奥尔巴尼高压电子进行调查 显微镜下阐明相对毒性和超微结构变化 与暴露有关；iv)对无脊椎动物暴露的研究， 对多氯联苯和多氯二苯并呋喃的生物积累与几个 行为、脑化学和脑生理学的测量；V)研究 土壤中多氯联苯的厌氧生物降解研究 多氯联苯的高温消化；vii)研究 超临界萃取和超临界氧化去除和/或 销毁这些污染物；viii)研究这些污染物的迁移 污染通过Akwesasne的土壤；和九)支持大多数 上述多氯联苯、多氯二苯并呋喃和多氯化分析项目 二苯并二恶英(PCDDs)及其开发和验证 尿液和粪便中这些物质的定量，特别是来自 婴儿尿布，作为人口筛查的一种方法。虽然这项研究 受到特定人群的启发，传统上这一群体的 对当地动植物的依赖程度比大多数人都高，特别是 污染这一地区的危险废物场地，结果应该是 与许多人口和许多地点相关。

This proposal is directed at the human health hazards from exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and their virulently toxic impurities, polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs). It integrates a study of these chemicals in humans living near a dumpsite with studies in laboratory mammals and in a neurological model species, the marine gastropod Aplysia. New chemical analytical technology will be applied throughout to observe more than 100 common congeners of PCBs and PCDFs in human body fluids and animal tissue. It will also be used to monitor engineering-scale extraction and destruction of these compounds by super-critical fluid technology, ambient-temperature and thermophilic bacteria, and permeability studies of typical geological landfill materials. Nine projects are proposed: I) an epidemiologic study of a native American community living on a reservation (Akwesasne) adjacent to a Superfund- designated landfill contaminated with PCBs and PCDFs. Levels of contaminants in fish and wildlife consumed by pregnant and nursing mothers will be correlated with levels in body fluids, including breast milk, and with levels in urine and feces in infants; II) a study of pre- and postnatal exposure of rat pups to PCBs and PCDFs, correlating pregnancy outcomes, tests of development and alterations in brain neurochemistry with body burden; III) a morphologic study of livers from the animals in part II, with investigation using the Albany high voltage electron microscope to elucidate relative toxicity and ultrastructural changes associated with exposure; IV) a study of exposure of an invertebrate, Aplysia, to PCBs and PCDFs, correlating bioaccumulation with several measures of behavior, brain chemistry and brain physiology; V) a study of anaerobic biodegradation of PCBs in soils; VI) a study of anaerobic thermophilic digestion of PCBs; VII) a study of the effectiveness of supercritical extraction and supercritical oxidation to remove and/or destroy these contaminants; VIII) a study of the migration of these contaminants through the soils of Akwesasne; and IX) support of most of the above projects for analysis for PCBs, PCDFs and polychlorinated dibenzodioxins (PCDDs), together with the development and validation of quantitation of these substances in urine and feces, particularly from infants' diapers, as a method of population screening. While this study is inspired by a particular population which traditionally has a greater dependence upon local flora and fauna than most, and a particular hazardous waste site which contaminates this region, the results should be are relevant to many populations and many sites.