Competing imperalisms in Northeast Asia, 1894-1953: Interconnections and Resistance

内容简介近年来，中国与日本、韩国、俄罗斯之间的“动荡三角”一直是全球关注的焦点。东北亚地区是一个重要的地缘政治和经济位置，本项目期间的冲突遗留下来的影响仍然强烈，并继续影响着东北亚的国际关系。这一项目的研究人员要研究的时期是东北亚激烈的帝国竞争时期，涉及英国和美国以及东北亚列强，它具有持久的影响。该项目从1894年第一次中日战争开始，到日俄战争、第一次世界大战、第二次中日战争和第二次太平洋战争、中国内战和朝鲜战争，直到1953年朝鲜停战。在此期间，直到1945年，日本一直是该地区占主导地位的帝国强国。1905年日俄战争期间，日本开始夺取俄罗斯拥有的中国东部铁路。最终，日本将俄国赶出了满洲，并于1910年占领了朝鲜。1917年的俄罗斯革命结束了沙皇帝国主义，但苏联日益强硬的态度导致苏联在1945年重新征服库页岛，并夺取了千岛群岛：这两个问题在70年后仍然是日本的争议。冷战在亚洲留下的另一个遗产--朝鲜战争--从未正式结束。在战后占领结束60多年后，美国军队仍留在日本。AIMS和目的他的东北亚历史项目将建立一个国际和跨学科的研究网络。这将把日本和英国的研究人员聚集在一起，共同努力。我们将使用创新的方法，包括来自历史地理和艺术史等历史之外的学科，以确定在这一时期塑造该地区的跨国、全球和本地影响。英日同盟(1902-1923)时期英国和日本在这一地区的联系也将是一个特别的焦点。通过合作，该项目的研究人员将能够从与邻近研究领域的比较和联系中学习，从而将建立一个更全面的图景，了解形成朝鲜沦陷领土、满洲和邻近地区的冲突、联系和抵抗。该项目将考虑对社区、日常生活、贸易、基础设施和边境的影响，使我们能够了解帝国竞争、联系和抵抗在该地区的影响，从而了解这一时期冲突和紧张局势的持久影响。在为期16个月的项目中，研究人员将出版学术出版物，包括编辑过的卷和一篇期刊文章。我们还将发表一篇关于该地区帝国主义和亡国史遗产的论文，目标是政策制定者。此外，研究人员将在英国和日本策划这一主题的公共展览，并将建立一个针对普通读者和学生的网站。学者们对该地区的历史非常感兴趣，但这项研究的好处要广泛得多。更好地了解过去，对于理解该区域今天面临的复杂压力至关重要；在一个被广泛认为对全球稳定至关重要的区域，这是一个至关重要的考虑因素。通过这个研究项目，研究人员将获得并分享新的见解。

CONTEXTIn recent years, the 'turbulent triangle' between China, Japan, Korea and Russia has been a focus of global attention. This zone of Northeast Asia is a vital geostrategic and economic location, and the legacy of conflict during the period of this project remains keenly felt and continues to influence international relations in Northeast Asia. The period to be studied by researchers working on this project was one of intense imperial competition in Northeast Asia, involving Britain and the US as well as the Northeast Asian powers, and it had enduring implications. The project runs from the start of the First Sino-Japanese War in 1894, through the Russo-Japanese War, the First World War, the Second Sino-Japanese War and the Second World War in the Pacific, the Chinese Civil War, and the Korean War up until the Korean Armistice in 1953. Japan was the dominant imperial power in the region during this period until 1945. Japan began seizing the Chinese Eastern Railway, a Russian-owned line, during the Russo-Japanese War in 1905. Ultimately Japan drove Russia out of Manchuria, and it occupied Korea from 1910. The Russian Revolution in 1917 ended Tsarist imperialism, but the increasing assertiveness of the USSR led to the Soviet reconquest of Sakhalin in 1945, along with the seizure of the Kuril Islands: both remain disputed by Japan seventy years later. Another legacy of the Cold War in Asia, the Korean War, has never formally ended. US troops are also still in Japan more than six decades after the end of the postwar occupation. AIMS AND OBJECTIVESThis project on the history of Northeast Asia will establish an international and interdisciplinary research network. This will bring together researchers based in Japan and the UK to work collaboratively. We will use innovative methods, including from disciplines outside history such as historical geography and history of art, to identify the transnational, global and local influences which shaped the region in this period. Links between Britain and Japan in this region during the period of the Anglo-Japanese Alliance (1902-1923), will also be a particular focus.By working collaboratively, researchers on the project will be able to learn from comparisons and connections to adjacent areas of research, and so will build up a more complete picture of the conflicts, connections and resistance which shaped the subjugated territories of Korea and Manchuria, and the adjacent region. The project will consider the impact on communities, daily life, trade, infrastructure and the borders, enabling us to understand the influence of imperial competition, connections and resistance in the region, and so to understand the enduring impact of the conflicts and tensions of this period.During the 16-month project, researchers will produce scholarly publications including an edited volume and a journal article. We will also publish a paper on the legacies of this region's history of imperialism and subjugation, aimed at policymakers. In addition, researchers will curate public exhibitions on this theme in the UK and Japan, and will establish a website aimed at general readers and students.BENEFITSThe history of this region is of enormous interest to scholars, but the benefits of this research are much broader. A better understanding of the past is essential to make sense of the complex pressures at work in the region today; this is a vital consideration in a region widely perceived as critical to global stability. Through this research project, researchers will gain and share new insights.