The World Values Survey in Great Britain: Examining Values Polarisation in Britain and the World

价值观是我们对生活中什么是重要的判断的基本原则。它们反映在我们的态度、判断和行为标准中，并决定我们关心什么。自1981年以来，世界价值观调查(WVS)跟踪了从文化认同、移民、人际信任、同理心和人类宽容到媒体使用、政治利益和对科学、技术和环境保护的看法等主题上的价值观、态度、信仰和行为的演变。今天，WVS是世界上规模最大、使用最多的社会调查之一。它的全球报道捕捉了110多个国家近40万人的观点，使人们能够研究不同国情下不同价值观之间的互动，并监测价值观是如何变化的。WVS田野调查每五年一次。英国参加了两次采访，分别于1998年和2005年进行了采访。自那以来，英国经历了深刻的变化，从金融危机的影响到脱欧公投后的政治动荡。理解英国内部以及英国和其他国家之间的根本价值观是分裂还是融合，这一点很重要。我们被告知，人口沿着各种断层线分裂，无论是根据我们在脱欧公投中的投票方式、我们住在哪里、我们的年龄还是我们的教育水平。无论这些差异是真实的还是想象的，是固定的还是变化的，都具有巨大的后果。参与WVS的第七波提供了一个及时的机会，让我们探索连贯或支离破碎的身份是在哪里形成的，这些趋势有多深，以及这些趋势是否与其他国家不同。在2020年5月进行实地考察时，这笔赠款不仅将在英国打算退出欧盟后不久的国家历史决定性时刻产生高质量的数据资源；该项目将进行新的分析，测试英国和其他地方的价值观、态度和信仰是否两极分化，以帮助制定政策决策，并帮助公众讨论英国在全球背景下的分裂。该项目的目标有四个核心应用和好处：1.数千名研究人员与政府、记者、国际机构和其他机构一起，将WVS数据用作他们工作的基础。我们的主要目标是确保在2020年对英国进行实地考察，以产生高质量的数据资源，世界各地的用户可以不受限制地访问和重复使用这些数据资源。对英国价值观、态度和信仰分歧的研究在很大程度上是针对特定问题的，或者集中在围绕英国退欧形成的身份认同上。WVS的广泛主题和国家报道为将跨学科、全球比较的视角应用于两极分化的主题提供了机会，进一步了解了个别分裂问题如何相互交织、告知身份和相互加强。根据人们的价值观或道德对他们进行分组，可以揭示出政治认同的两个吸引眼球的极端之间的更全面的光谱。我们将探索一系列细分，为英国人口基于道德或价值观的分组提供替代模式，超越诸如离开/留在、某个地方/任何地方、开放/关闭等分裂模式。为了支持这一目标，我们将增加一组关于道德基础理论的问题。英国政府内部显然对社会分化日益加剧感到担忧；然而，对最紧迫问题在哪里的理解缺乏证据，而且很少考虑到全球背景。我们的第四个目标是围绕不同价值观对英国政策的影响达成共识，这将给政策制定者带来明显的好处。我们将利用主题和政策专家的意见，协作制定建议，以帮助改善围绕最具分歧或最统一的政策领域的结果。

Values are the basic principles that inform the judgements we make about what is important in life. They are reflected in our attitudes, judgements, standards of behaviour and determine what we care about. Since 1981, the World Values Survey (WVS) has tracked the evolution of values, attitudes, beliefs and behaviour on topics that range from cultural identity, migration, interpersonal trust, empathy and human tolerance to media usage, political interest and views on science, technology and environmental protection. Today, WVS is one of the largest and most used social surveys in the world. Its global coverage, capturing the views of almost 400,000 people in over 110 countries, has enabled the study of interactions between different values across diverse national circumstances and to monitor how values are changing.WVS fieldwork is conducted in waves every five years. Great Britain has participated in two waves, conducting interviews in 1998 and 2005. Since then, the nation has experienced profound change, from the effects of the financial crisis through to the political volatility following the vote to leave the EU. Understanding whether underlying values within Britain, and between Britain and other nations, have grown apart or come together matters. We are told that the population is split along a variety of fault lines, be it by how we voted in the EU referendum, where we live, our age or our level of education. Whether these differences are real or imagined, fixed or shifting, is of immense consequence. Participating in Wave 7 of WVS offers a timely opportunity to explore where coherent or fractured identities have formed, how deeply and whether these trends are distinctive to other countries.Conducting fieldwork in May 2020, this grant will not only generate a high-quality data resource at a decisive point in the nation's history, soon after the UK intends to leave the EU; the project will conduct new analyses that test whether values, attitudes and beliefs in Britain and elsewhere are polarising, to help shape policy decisions and nuance public discussion about division in Britain against a global context.The project's objectives have four core applications and benefits:1. Thousands of researchers use WVS data as a basis for their work, along with governments, journalists, international agencies and others. Our primary objective is to ensure that fieldwork for Great Britain is conducted in 2020 to generate a high-quality data resource that can be accessed and reused, without restriction, by users around the world.2. Research into division in Britain's values, attitudes and beliefs has largely been issue specific or focused on identities formed around Brexit. The broad subject and country coverage of WVS presents the opportunity to apply a cross-disciplinary, globally-comparative lens to the topic of polarisation, furthering understanding of how individually divisive issues intersect, inform identity and become mutually reinforcing.3. Grouping populations by their values or morals can reveal a fuller spectrum between the attention-grabbing extremities of political identity. We will explore a range of segmentations that provide alternative models for groupings in the British population based on morals or values, moving beyond divisive models such as Leave/Remain, Somewhere/Anywhere, Open/Closed. To support this aim, we will add a set of questions on Moral Foundations Theory.4. There is clear concern within UK government about growing division in society; yet understanding of where the most urgent issues lie is poorly evidenced and rarely considered against the global context. Our fourth objective, to build consensus around where diverging values have implications for UK policy, will deliver a clear benefit to policymakers. Drawing on input from subject and policy experts, we will collaboratively develop recommendations to help improve outcomes around the most divisive or unifying policy areas.