Empowering Women in the Fractured Cities: Developing capacity, advocacy, and partnerships in South-eastern Turkey

该项目将利用原创的实证研究，探索2015-16年土耳其政府军和库尔德叛乱分子在土耳其东南部以库尔德人为主的城市居民区发生的城市战争对妇女和女孩的影响。尽管约355,000-500,000人流离失所，多达100万人受到严重影响，但没有深入分析对该区域的影响。土耳其住房发展局(TOKI)强迫10万当地人重新安置到国家建造的街区，以支持政府的资本流入，也没有得到研究。在这种情况下，该项目采用跨学科和女权主义的方法，具有开拓性、原创性和紧迫性。研究流离失所的妇女和女孩特别重要，因为那些被重新安置的人经历了生计被剥夺、边缘化、排斥、家庭暴力、征服和脱离其日常社会文化习俗和关系(DITAM、联合国、国际危机组织)，而且没有适当的支持和宣传结构来解决他们的社会文化、经济和心理社会问题。四个研究问题推动了该项目：1)城市战争、强迫流离失所和强迫驱逐对妇女和女孩的身心健康和心理社会健康和福祉有多大程度和怎样的影响？2)在国家建造的高层建筑中重新安置对妇女和女孩的社会文化和传统家庭经济做法和总体福祉有什么影响？3)妇女和女孩如何看待她们的处境，她们在赋权、健康、工作量、获得资源以及国家和家庭暴力方面的愿望是什么，以及她们在新的社会空间动态中对她们的影响，应对这些变化的适应战略是什么？4)妇女和女孩目前可以获得哪些公共服务，如何解决有关她们健康和福祉的知识差距，从而在研究、宣传和能力建设之间产生协同作用，从而使有效的服务能够减少长期健康影响，并增加就业和安全的可能性？通过解决这些问题，目的是：(1)通过五个实地地点，阐明武装冲突、国家干预、强迫流离失所和在高层建筑中重新安置对妇女和女孩的社会文化、健康、福祉和经济影响；(2)探讨妇女和女孩如何在其新的城市住房中重塑其家庭空间和重塑基于家庭的经济做法；(3)确定这些受影响的妇女和女孩，并在她们当中、我们的伙伴组织以及国际、国家和区域各级相关倡导团体、从业人员和机构中进行能力建设；(4)提供必要的灵活反应，以便在这些城市基于性别的暴力、边缘化和贫穷的背景下创造适当的决策、行动和宣传方面的知识。该项目将直接惠及当地社区，也将惠及周边因国内政治冲突、叙利亚内战以及ISIS在中东的长期影响而在其他主权国家遭受冲突导致的流离失所和库尔德人的国家。通过采用按性别划分和多学科的方法，这项研究还将在项目生命周期内外产生经济和社会影响，为以社会正义和社会变革为核心的合作、民主和平等研究提供一个框架；建设项目合作伙伴的研究和宣传能力，并帮助政策制定者制定循证政策，以管理与全球南方冲突后背景下的性别平等、大规模强迫流离失所、重新安置以及可持续和包容性发展有关的问题。

This project will draw on original empirical research to explore how women and girls have been affected by urban warfare between Turkish state forces and Kurdish insurgents in majority-Kurdish populated urban residential areas of Southeast Turkey in 2015-16. Although c.355,000-500,000 people were displaced from their permanent residences and up to one million severely affected, there has been no in-depth analysis of the impacts on the region. Forced resettlement of up to 100,000 locals into state-built blocks by the Housing Development Administration of Turkey (TOKI) to support the government's capital inflows has not been studied either. In this context, this project, with its interdisciplinary and feminist approach, is pioneering, original and urgent. Studying displaced women and girls is particularly significant as those who have been relocated have been experiencing livelihood deprivation, marginalisation, exclusion, domestic violence, subjugation, and detachment from their daily socio-cultural practices and relations (DITAM, UN, International Crisis Group) and there is no support and advocacy structure in place to address their socio-cultural, economic and psychosocial issues. Four research questions drive the project: 1) To what extent and how do urban warfare, forced displacements and forced evictions impact on the physical, mental and psychosocial health and well-being of women and girls?2) What are the impacts of resettlement in state-built high-rise blocks on the socio-cultural and traditional home-based economic practices and overall well-being of women and girls?3) How do women and girls perceive their situation, and what are their aspirations, regarding empowerment, health, workload, access to resources, and both state and domestic violence against them with their new socio-spatial dynamics, and what are their adaptation strategies to cope with the changes? 4) What public services are currently available to women and girls, and how can the knowledge gap about their health and wellbeing be addressed, thereby the generation of synergies between research, advocacy and capacity building enabling effective services so that long-term health effects can be diminished, and possibilities of employment and safety enhanced?Through addressing these questions, the objectives are: (1) to elucidate the socio-cultural, health, well-being and economic impacts of armed conflicts, state interventions, forced displacement and resettlement in high-rise blocks on women and girls through five field sites; (2) to explore how women and girls have remade their domestic spaces and reshaped home-based economic practices in their new urban dwellings; (3) to identify these affected women and girls, building capacity amongst them, our partner organisations and related advocacy groups, practitioners and institutions at international, national and regional level; (4) to provide the agile response necessary to create knowledge for appropriate policymaking, actions and advocacy in the context of gender-based violence, marginalisation and deprivation in these cities. The project will directly benefit the local communities, but also surrounding countries suffering from conflict-induced displacements and Kurds in other sovereign countries due to internal political conjunctures, the Syrian civil war and the long-lasting impacts of ISIS in the Middle East. By adopting a gendered and multidisciplinary approach, this research would also have economic and societal impacts within and beyond the project's lifecycle, offering a framework for collaborative, democratic and egalitarian research with social justice and social change at its core; building the research and advocacy capacity of project partners and helping policymakers to formulate evidence-based policies to manage issues related to gender equality, large-scale forced displacement, resettlement, and sustainable and inclusive development in the post-conflict contexts of Global South.