THE GENETIC STRUCTURE OF NATURAL POPULATIONS OF PAST AND PRESENT

人类和动物群体的群体遗传学分析已被用于 研究几个物种的遗传健康和疾病易感性。 2DE技术已发现30多个人类多态性位点。 的 南非的猎豹亚种被证明是遗传上不成熟的 因为它在52个同工酶位点上是单态的。 无关的猎豹也 接受皮肤移植，这种情况在远交哺乳动物中没有先例 物种 一场毁灭性的猫传染病 腹膜炎（FIP和含冠状病毒的RNA）被假设为 主要组织相容性复合体（MHC）的消除 T细胞刺激中的单倍型。 东非猎豹的样本 亚种表现出相似的遗传状态，促使我们假设 在自然历史中发生了两次严重的人口收缩， 物种。 大型和小型类人猿与人类的分子遗传学 基于383种不同蛋白质的遗传距离， 2DE。 对37种猫科动物进行了分子遗传学研究， 使用血清白蛋白基于免疫学距离构建。 类似地，大熊猫的一致进化 和小熊猫（Ailurus）是从距离矩阵推导出来的， 三种不同的分子遗传距离测量方法 重建 使用定义的近交系小鼠品系进行的生物体进化实验 系谱表明，形态和分子遗传变异是 分离 中国对虾的细胞学图谱和连锁图谱的比较分析 哺乳动物的染色体进化的不连续克里思， 某些谱系（例如，灵长类动物，猫科动物），这些动物在 他们的染色体呈现，而其他（啮齿动物，小猿，犬科动物） 是染色体改组，好像快速跳跃细胞重排 发生在物种形成事件期间。

Population genetic analysis of human and animal populations have been used to study the genetic health and disease susceptibility of several species. Over 30 polymorphic human loci detected by 2DE have been described. The South African subspecies of cheetah was shown to be genetically depauperate insofar as it is monomorphic at 52 isozyme loci. Unrelated cheetahs also accepted skin grafts, a situation without precedent among outbred mammalian species. A devastating epizootic of the species of feline infectious peritonitis (FIP and RNA containing corona virus) was hypothesized to result from abrogation of a major histocompatibility complex (MHC) haplotype in T-cell stimulation. A sample of the east African cheetah subspecies showed similar genetic status and prompted us to hypothesize the occurrence of two severe population contractions in the natural history of the species. A molecular phylogeny of the great and lesser apes and man was derived based on genetic distance of 383 different proteins resolved by 2DE. A molecular phylogeny of the 37 species of the Felidae was constructed based on immunological distance using serum albumin. Similarly, a consensus phylogeny of the Ursidae Ailuropoda (giant panda) and Ailurus (lesser panda) was derived from distance matrices derived from three distinct molecular measures of genetic distance. A reconstruction experiment of organismal evolution using inbred mouse strain of defined genealogy demonstrated that morphologic and molecular genetic variation are uncoupled. A comparative analysis of cytological and linkage maps of mammals have indicated a noncontinuous tempo of chromosomal evolution in certain lineages (e.g., primates, felids) that are highly conserved in their chromosomal presentation, while others (rodents, lesser apes, canids) are chromosomally shuffled as if rapid saltatory cytological rearrangements occurred during the speciation events.