MATCHED ANALYSIS IN CASE-CONTROL AND COHORT STUDIES

本研究将考察邻里关系的有效性和有效性。 病例对照和队列研究的匹配。美国国家卫生与公众服务部 第一次和第二次考试调查的数据与 邻里代码(即，指定样本中的哪些人居住 紧密地)以经验地确定邻域匹配的效果 会对各种不同的风险估计的有效性和方差产生影响 关于不同曝光的条件。事实证明， 对于某些类型的暴露条件关系，邻域匹配 对控制混淆是有用的。然而，有一个亏损， 由于可匹配观测的数量减少和更小的 测试统计中的自由度数。这些经验性的 这些例子可以为研究人员提供一些指导 用于观察性研究的邻域匹配。该项目是 已知的研究邻域匹配效应的首次尝试 基于对观测数据的分析。

This study will investigate the validity and efficiency of neighborhood matching for case-control and cohort studies. The National Health and Examination Surveys I and II data were used in conjunction with neighborhood codes (i.e., specifying which individuals in the sample lived close together) to empirically determine the effect neighborhood matching would have upon validity and variance of estimates of risk of various conditions with respect to differing exposures. It was demonstrated that for some types of exposure-condition relationships, neighborhood matching was useful for controlling for confounding. However, there was a loss in efficiency due to a reduced number of matchable observations and a smaller number of degrees of freedom in the test statistics. These empirical examples can provide some guidance to researchers who contemplate neighborhood matching for an observational study. This project is one of the first known attempts of investigating the effect neighborhood matching has upon the analysis of observational data.