STRESS ALCOHOL INTERACTIONS

压力和酒精的减压特性经常是 与开始大量饮酒有关。证据： 关于酗酒的这一假说仍然存在争议。最近，我们可以 在大鼠身上显示为什么可能会获得和产生有争议的结果 酒精具有减压作用的一些生化证据。 酒精对血浆和脑儿茶酚胺水平的不同影响 非应激大鼠与应激大鼠比较；它可以在 非应激动物，而它可以减轻应激大鼠的压力。其中 应激大鼠，我们确定了具有“高”或“低”应激反应的大鼠。 通过选育，我们在初步实验中发现， 压力反应有遗传成分。我们还观察到酒精 仅在某些动物中减少了应激反应，而减少 反应有遗传成分，因为我们能够在初步繁殖 有选择地对大鼠进行“低”或“高”酒精减量实验 回应。 然而，这些实验还需要验证和推广。因此，我们计划 研究酒精对大鼠血浆和脑儿茶酚胺的影响 非应激大鼠和应激大鼠。我们计划有选择地饲养老鼠 单独的个体应激反应(儿茶酚胺)以及它们的 在压力下减少对酒精的反应。这些研究将导致 不同的线是“高”或“低”压力反应或“高”或 低度酒精降解剂。然后这些动物将被刻画成 化学，行为测试，自愿饮酒 在压力下。这些研究将与其他 在压力和/或酒精研究方面有专业知识的调查人员。这部小说 方法将提供明确的生化、行为和遗传数据 酒精和大鼠之间的相互作用有望提供 关于酒精中毒发病机制的信息。

Stress and the stress-reducing properties of alcohol are frequently implicated in the initiation of heavy alcohol consumption. Evidence for this hypothesis of alcoholism is still controversial. Recently, we could show in rats why perhaps controversial results were obtained and produce some biochemical evidence for a stress reducing effect of alcohol. Alcohol effects plasma and brain catecholamine levels differently in nonstressed vs. stressed rats; it can produce stress-like effects in nonstressed animals whereas it can reduce stress in stressed rats. Among stressed rats, we identified rats with "high" or "low" stress responses. Through selective breeding, we found in preliminary experiments that this stress response has a genetic component. We observed also that alcohol reduced the stress response only in certain animals and that the reducing response has a genetic component since we were able to breed in preliminary experiments rats selectively for a "low" or "high" alcohol reducing response. However, these experiments need verification and extension. Thus, we plan to study the effects of alcohol on plasma and brain catecholamines in nonstressed and stressed rats. We plan to selectively breed rats for their individual stress responses alone (catecholamines) as well as for their reducing responses to alcohol during stress. These studies will lead to different lines which are "high" or "low" stress responders or "high" or "low" alcholhol reducers. These animals will then be characterized chemically, tested behaviorally and subjected to voluntary alcohol intake during stress. These studies will be done in collaboration with other investigators with expertise in stress and/or alcohol research. This novel approach will supply definite biochemical, behavioral and genetic data on the interaction between alcohol and rats which will hopefully provide information on the pathogenesis(es) of alcoholism.