DISCIPLINE AND PARENTAL CONTROL IN FAMILIES WITH AFFECTIVE DISORDERS

母亲的纪律和控制做法及其子女对 母亲的控制尝试是研究在良好的和临床抑郁症 妈妈们 父母在管理孩子行为方面的技能受损， 往往被暗示在病因学的适应不良模式的儿童 发展 另一方面，抑郁症与 以不适当的控制做法，但具体困难的抑郁症 母亲和可能对孩子的发展产生的影响， 被识别。 对母亲和孩子行为的评估是基于 观察他们在自然环境中的相互作用（见年度 报告MH 02144）。 采取了详细的产妇控制措施， 包括目标、时机和具体技术， 控制事件的交互质量。 儿童的反应也被测量 在满足产妇需求方面， 不遵守战略的能力。 分析显示， 母亲的情感疾病导致特定的不适当的， 产妇控制干预措施的不适应模式。 正常儿童 母亲，但不是抑郁的母亲，随着时间的推移变得更加合作。 特别是，抑郁母亲的女儿似乎有患抑郁症的风险。 违规问题。 母亲的疾病也被发现会损害幼儿 有能力与母亲进行有效的沟通。

Mothers' discipline and control practices and their children's responses to maternal control attempts are studied in well and clinically depressed mothers. Impaired parental skills in managing children's behavior have often been implied in the etiology of maladaptive patterns of child development. Depressive symptomatology, on the other hand, has been linked to inappropriate control practices, but specific difficulties of depressed mothers and possible implications for their children's development have not been identified. Assessments of mother and child behavior are based on observations of their interaction in a naturalistic setting (see Annual Report MH 02144). Detailed measures of maternal control were taken, including goals, timing and specific techniques, and the overall interactive quality of control episodes. Child response was also measured in terms of compliance to maternal demands and in terms of level of social competence of noncompliance strategies. Analyses revealed that severity of maternal affective illness results in specific inappropriate and maladaptive patterns of maternal control interventions. Children of normal mothers, but not of depressed mothers become more cooperative over time. In particular, daughters of depressed mothers appeared at risk for noncompliance problems. Maternal illness was also found to impair toddlers ability to negotiate competently with their mothers.