PREVENTION OF OTITIS MEDIA IN INFANTS AND CHILDREN

该计划是一个合作的努力，研究人员与专业知识， 耳鼻喉科，儿科，微生物学，免疫学，言语和语言， 心理学，生物统计学和波士顿机构，包括 儿童医院医疗中心，波士顿市立医院，哈佛 波士顿大学教育学院和儿科诊所， 私人执业。 该计划分为四个项目：一。 中耳 出生后第一年的媒介：流行病学; 预防复发性和严重中耳炎;以及后续措施 言语，语言，认知能力，母子沟通 互动，家庭互动。 二. 医疗和手术 慢性中耳炎的干预治疗与预防 积液 三. 高危新生儿中耳炎。 四. 病毒性和细菌性中耳炎的实验模型（包括研究 在龙猫和老鼠）。 我们选择了以下主题进行调查： A.中耳炎的预防：化学耐受性-使用抗菌剂 一岁内预防中耳炎的药物;免疫预防 - 非分型菌株外膜蛋白的研究 流感嗜血杆菌和呼吸道合胞病毒抗原 开发安全有效疫苗或使用被动疫苗的目标 免疫球蛋白的保护作用。 B。 中耳炎 幼儿：新生儿-发病率、临床病程、 微生物学和后遗症;生命的第一年-化学预防研究 以及语言、认知能力的长期后遗症。 C.差距 中耳炎知识：流行病学-种族的重要性，日托， 吸烟、喂养方法（母乳或奶瓶）、家庭互动和 母婴沟通互动-中耳炎的影响 特别是作为慢性疾病的代表;听力学- 中耳炎婴儿一岁内听力评估 和病毒学-原发性和复发性呼吸道合胞病毒的作用 病毒在中耳炎发病中的作用。 D.未解决的关键问题 重要性：慢性渗出性中耳炎的管理-最佳 手术或医疗干预;以及言语、语言和 重度和复发性中耳炎婴儿的认知能力 生命的第一年。

This program is a collaborative effort of investigators with expertise in otolaryngology, pediatrics, microbiology, immunology, speech and language, psychology, and biostatistics and of Boston institutions including Children's Hospital Medical Center, Boston City Hospital, Harvard University, Boston University School of Education and pediatric clinics and private practices. The program is organized into four projects: I. Otitis Media in the First Year of Life: epidemiology; chemoprophylaxis for preventions of recurrent and severe otitis media; and sequential measures of speech, language, cognitive ability, mother-child communicative interaction, and family interaction. II. Medical and Surgical Interventions for Cure and Prevention of Chronic Otitis Media with Effusion. III. Otitis Media in the High-Risk Newborn Infant. IV. Experimental Models of Viral and Bacterial Otitis Media (including studies in the chinchilla and mouse.) We have chosen for investigation the following major themes: A. Prevention of Otitis Media: chemophorphylaxis - use of antimicrobial agents to prevent otitis media in the firt year of life; immunoprophylaxis - studies of the outer-membrane proteins of non-typable strains of Hemophilus influenzae and antigens of respiratory syncytial virus with goals of development of safe and effective vaccines or use of passive protection by administration of immunoglobulins. B. Otitis Media in the Young Infant: newborn infant - studies of incidence, clinical course, microbiology and sequelae; first year of life - studies of chemoprophylaxis and long term sequela of speech, language and cognitive abilities. C. Gaps in Knowledge of Otitis Media: epidemiology - importance of race, day care, smoking, method of feeding (breast or bottle); family interaction and mother-child communicative interaction - effects of otitis media specifically and as representative of a chronic disease; audiology - assessment of hearing in infants with otitis media in the first year of life; and virology - role of primary and recurrent respiratory syncytial virus in pathogenesis of otitis media. D. Unresolved Issues of Critical Importance : management of chronic otitis media with effusion - optimal surgical or medical interventions; and development of speech, language and cognitive abilities in infants with severe and recurrent otitis media in the first year of life.