CONTROL OF RESPIRATORY SKELETAL AND SMOOTH MUSCLE

肺泡通气是由控制呼吸和呼吸的系统来调节的。 骨骼肌活动和气道平滑肌张力。 总体目标 一个建议的项目是检查呼吸骨骼肌和平滑肌 在受体、效应器和中枢神经系统水平进行控制。 的 该计划包括七个项目：1）呼吸的中枢调节， 循环，2）呼吸感觉和呼吸控制，3）神经肌肉 控制人类婴儿的呼吸，4）呼吸的化学调节 在睡眠和清醒时，5）呼吸的神经肌肉控制 酶诱导的肺部疾病，6）气道平滑肌的控制及其作用 7）胸壁力学和呼吸肌调节 活动 这些项目将具体调查： 神经和化学控制系统在决定呼吸骨骼肌 活动和气道平滑肌张力在成人和婴儿的人， 动物，B）高级大脑中心和意识状态对 这种相互作用，以及c）呼吸控制系统的能力， 补偿呼吸骨骼肌力量、耐力和 由肺部疾病引起的协调性。 基本数据将从 呼吸控制器的组织和操作及其相互作用 其他控制系统。 这些数据将用于开发数学 模型，以提供新的见解控制器功能。 另夕h 研究旨在确定机制和风险因素， 呼吸衰竭，这将有助于设计和评估治疗 干预措施。

Alveolar ventilation is regulated by systems which control both respiratory skeletal muscle activity and airway smooth muscle tone. The overall objective of the proposed program is to examine respiratory skeletal and smooth muscle control at the receptor, effector and central nervous system levels. The program consists of seven projects: 1) central regulation of respiration and circulation, 2) respiratory sensation and control of breathing, 3) neuromuscular control of breathing in human infants, 4) chemical regulation of breathing during sleep and wakefulness, 5) neuromuscular control of breathing in enzyme-induced lung disease, 6) control of airway smooth muscle and its effect on breathing, 7) chest wall mechanics and regulation of respiratory muscle activity. These projects will specifically investigate: a) the interplay of neural and chemical control systems in determining respiratory skeletal muscle activity and airway smooth muscle tone in adult and infant humans and in animals, b) the effects of higher brain centers and states of consciousness on this interaction, and c) the capacity of respiratory control systems to compensate for changes in respiratory skeletal muscle strength, endurance and coordination produced by lung diseases. Basic data will be obtained on the organization and operation of the respiratory controller and its interaction with other control systems. These data will be used to develop mathematical models to provide new insights into controller function. Additionally, the studies have been designed to identify mechanisms and risk factors for respiratory failure which will be useful in devising and evaluating therapeutic interventions.