PHONETIC GESTURES AND THEIR PERCEPTION

这个项目的一个主要目的是继续发展我们的理论 语音透视，根据哪个语音手势发声 音域是音系学的基本单位，是最小的 言语产生单位和言语的最小可感知单位 留言。一种受限制的言语知觉理论 与音系学和言语产生的理论相一致，我们 辩称，比起那些不受限制的主张，对现实主义的主张更强烈 往这边走。 在提案的第一部分，我们建议对语音进行研究 为发展布朗曼和戈尔茨坦而设计的产品和认知 发音音系学理论主要有两条主线。首先，我们测试一个 手势单位理论中的一种主张，即手势单位而不是特征单位作为 语言上的对比。其次，我们关注手势所依据的原则 是相对定时的，以形成该语言的音节。一秒钟内 在提案的一节中，我们解决了对我们观点的一个主要挑战，即 发音音系学的语音手势被感知为 一种证据形式，解释为表明说话者没有试图 实现发音目标，但更确切地说，是声学目标。如果这就是 情况，那么我们的建议就没有理由让听众听到 手势目标。在第三部分中，我们提出了实验来验证 直接我们的观点是手势，而不是声音定义的语音 信息由收听者从声学语音信号中提取。一个 最后一节建议使用行为测量和fMRI测量 测试大脑活动声称的运动理论，即手势感知 是由人脑中专门的语音模块实现的。

A major aim of this project is to continue development of our theoretical perspective on speech, according to which phonetic gestures of the vocal tract are at once the fundamental units of the phonology, the smallest units of speech production and the smallest perceivable units of a speech message. A theory of speech perception that is constrained to be compatible with theories of phonology and of speech production, has, we argue, a stronger claim to realism than ones developed unconstrained in these ways. In the first section of the proposal, we propose research on speech production and perception designed to develop Browman and Goldstein's theory of articulatory phonology along two major lines. First, we test a proposal in the theory that gestural, not featural, units serve as units of contrast in languages. Second, we focus on principles by which gestures are relatively timed to form syllables of the language. In a second section of the proposal, we address a major challenge to our view that athe phonetic gestures of articulatory phonology are perceived that takes the form of evidence interpreted as showing that speakers do not attempt to achieve articulatory targets, but rather, acoustic ones. If that is the case, then there is no justification to our proposal that listeners hear gestural targets. In a third section, we propose experiments to test directly our view that gestures, not acoustically-defined phonetic information, is extracted from the acoustic speech signal by listeners. A final section proposes to use behavioral measures and fMRI measures of brain activity to test a claim of the motor theory that gestural perception is achieved by a specialized phonetic module int he human brain.