BIOMECHANICAL ANALYSIS IN STRABISMUS SURGERY

描述：斜视在美国很普遍。 它通常被治疗 手术效果不理想 这是由于一个不完美的 了解眼眶解剖学和双眼生物力学 对齐。 最近在人类和猴子身上的证据表明， 含有弹性蛋白和平滑肌细胞的结缔组织形成滑轮， 引导肌肉路径。 滑轮在双目对准中起着至关重要的作用， 遗传性结缔组织的异常会导致模式性斜视 疾病 皮带轮异常的后果最好用 计算生物力学模型 建议在猴子和人类中进行平行的多学科研究。 滑轮的功能解剖：1）MRI分辨率的技术改进。 2)更准确地确定肌肉、滑轮和结缔组织 在正常和斜视的人（和静态的）中，位置作为注视的函数 尸体猴子中的位置）。 3)一个新的数学公式， 生物力学模型 4)应用改进模型进行验证 常见斜视综合征和手术的描述。 滑轮的组成：5）表征滑轮组成的变化 EOM结缔组织和平滑肌与性别、年龄和人种 将活体（功能解剖学）中的动态MRI与尸体相关联 CT、MRI、免疫和组织化学（显微解剖学）。 滑轮的病理生理学： 6)新的生物力学模型在患者中的前瞻性测试 滑轮和结缔组织异常进行斜视手术。 7)遗传性结缔组织病与骨密度异常的相关性 双眼排列与眼眶结缔组织组织学。 8）寻求 局部结缔组织疾病相关的分子遗传学证据 滑轮异常 9)使用警觉的、行为良好的猴子， 测量设备，以探索和模拟眼眶平滑肌的作用 刺激和失活。

DESCRIPTION: Strabismus is prevalent in the US. It is usually treated surgically with imperfect results. This results from an imperfect understanding of orbital anatomy and the biomechanics of binocular alignment. Recent evidence in humans and monkeys shows that orbital connective tissue containing elastin and smooth muscle cells form pulleys to guide muscle paths. Pulleys play a crucial role in binocular alignment, and abnormalities can cause pattern strabismus, as in genetic connective tissue diseases. Consequences of pulley abnormalities are best understood with a computational biomechanical model. Parallel, multidisciplinary studies in monkeys and humans are proposed. Functional anatomy of pulleys: 1) Technical refinement of MRI resolution. 2) More accurate determination of muscle, pulley, and connective tissue positions as a function of gaze in normal and strabismic humans (and static positions in cadaveric monkeys). 3) A new mathematical formulation of the biomechanical model. 4) Application of the improved model to validate description of common strabismus syndromes and surgeries. Composition of pulleys: 5) Characterization of changes in composition of EOM connective tissue and smooth muscle with gender, age, and race by correlating dynamic MRI in living subjects (functional anatomy) with cadaver CT, MRI, and immuno and histochemistry (microscopic anatomy). Pathophysiology of pulleys: 6) Prospective testing of the new biomechanical model in patients with pulley and connective tissue abnormalities undergoing strabismus surgery. 7) Correlation in genetic connective tissue disorders of abnormalities of binocular alignment with orbital connective tissue histology. 8)Seeking molecular genetic evidence for local connective tissue diseases associated with pulley abnormalities. 9) Use of alert, behaving monkeys with implanted measuring devices to explore and model effects of orbital smooth muscle stimulation and inactivation.