VISION AND INTRARETINAL POTENTIALS

描述（改编自申请人摘要）：本研究项目 旨在促进我们对视网膜功能的理解， 视觉的基本方面：（1）视觉适应和（2）对比 视野这将通过分析光诱发的反应来完成， 感光细胞、双极细胞和无长突细胞， 细胞内记录的独特机会：淡水龟 （Pseudemys scripta elegans）和虎蝾螈（Ambystoma tigrinum）。 技术创新包括：（1）利用激光同时 测量视锥光感受器的暗适应和色素再生 以及（2）使用液晶显示器（LCD）来施加图案化光 视网膜上的刺激。许多实验与人类 心理物理学的工作，使结果可能导致新的模式，为临床 对比度感知和暗适应障碍。 视觉适应的机制将在一系列的实验中分析 将研究色素再生与 视锥细胞敏感性的恢复，等效背景假设，以及 快速暗适应的特性。对比视觉的机制将是 通过双极和无长突细胞的记录进行研究。对比度或 将详细分析响应曲线，以了解对比度如何 在视网膜网络中编码和转换。

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from applicant's abstract): This research project seeks to advance our understanding of the function of the retina in two fundamental aspects of vision: (1) visual adaptation and (2) contrast vision. This will be done by analyzing the light-evoked responses of photoreceptor cells, bipolar cells, and amacrine cells in animals that offer unique opportunities for intracellular recording: the freshwater turtle (Pseudemys scripta elegans) and tiger salamander (Ambystoma tigrinum). Technical innovations include: (1) the use of lasers to simultaneously measure dark adaptation and photopigment regeneration in cone photoreceptors and (2) the use of a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) to apply patterned light stimuli on the retina. Many of the experiments parallel human psychophysical work so the results could lead to new models for clinical disorders in contrast perception and dark adaptation. Mechanisms of visual adaptation will be analyzed in a series of experiments that will investigate the relation between photopigment regeneration and recovery of cone sensitivity, the equivalent background hypothesis, and properties of rapid dark adaptation. Mechanisms for contrast vision will be investigated via recordings from bipolar and amacrine cells. Contrast or response curves will be analyzed in detail to understand how contrast is encoded and transformed in the retinal network.