Co-designing a lifestyle, stop-vaping intervention for ex-smoking, adult vapers (CLOVER study)

最近的科学证据表明，电子烟是支持希望戒烟的人的有效手段，目前英国有超过300万电子烟用户（也称为vapers）。然而，媒体的负面关注，给公众造成混乱的相互矛盾的电子烟政策，以及对缺乏监管和长期影响的担忧，都在电子烟使用者中引起了焦虑和担忧。这导致了他们之间越来越多的兴趣，寻找支持停止vaping。然而，并不存在这样的官方框架或服务。因此，需要开发和实施一种新的干预措施。我们提出了一项旨在开发停止吸烟生活方式干预措施的联合设计开发研究。这将分为两个工作包（WP）。南约克郡的合格参与者将至少18岁，独家电子烟和前吸烟者，并希望尝试停止电子烟。我们将排除孕妇和双重使用者（即，这些都vaping和吸烟）.在WP 1，我们将确定可以改变什么，在电话inverviews与大约20 vapers讨论，以确定潜在的干预障碍和促进者.在WP 2，我们将共同设计干预.我们将进行分析，并成立一个专家小组，以确定干预措施的组成部分，然后与vapers的焦点小组，以评估可接受性。更具体地说，我们将确定如何解决障碍并鼓励参与的驱动力，这将在WP1中确定（例如，教育，说服）。然后，我们将与专家举行研讨会（例如，戒烟，行为科学，干预设计）和我们的支持小组成员的vapers审查的适用性的一些行为改变技术，并获得一个彻底的了解问题和“真实的世界”的背景下的限制，并考虑如何干预是最好的交付。然后，我们将组织一个焦点小组，与vapers讨论干预材料草案，以考虑我们提出的干预组件是否可以接受。我们有起草此类材料的经验，这些材料符合足够的标准，适合用户评估（例如，小册子，视频，网站，短信，应用程序）。在研究结束时，我们将开发一种停止vaping干预，然后我们将在英国至少两个地区的vapers中测试其可行性。

Recent scientific evidence suggest that e-cigarettes are an effective means of supporting people who wish to stop smoking, and there are currently over 3 million e-cigarette users (also known as vapers) in the U.K. However, the negative media attention, the contradicting policies on vaping that create confusion to the public, and concerns about the lack of their regulation and longer-term effects have all created anxiety and worry among vapers. This has led to an all-increasing interest between them, to find support to stop-vaping. Nevertheless, no such official framework or service exist. Therefore, a new intervention needs to be developed and implemented.We propose a co-design development study aiming to develop a stop-vaping lifestyle intervention. This will be divided into two Work Packages (WPs). Eligible participants in South Yorkshire will be at least 18 years old, exclusive vapers and former smokers and wishing to attempt to stop-vaping. We will exclude pregnant and dual users (i.e., those both vaping and smoking).In WP1, we will be identifying what can be changed, discussing in telephone inverviews with approximately 20 vapers to identify potential intervention barriers and facilitators.In WP2, we will be co-designing the intervention. We will carry out an analysis and form an expert panel to identify intervention components followed by a focus group with vapers to assess acceptability. More specifically, we will determine how could we address the barriers and encourage the driving forces to participation, which will have been identified in WP1 (e.g., education, persuasion). We will then hold a workshop with experts (e.g., smoking cessation, behavioural science, intervention design) and members of our supporting panel of vapers to review the suitability of a number of the behaviour change techniques and to gain a thorough understanding of the problem and the "real world" context constraints and consider how the intervention is best-delivered. Then we will conduct a focus group, with walkthroughs of draft intervention materials, with vapers to consider if the intervention components that we are proposing are acceptable to them.We have experience of drafting such materials to sufficient standard that they are suitable for user assessment (e.g., booklets, videos, website, text messages, app).At the end of the study, we would have developed a stop-vaping intervention, the feasibility of which we would then test among vapers in at least two areas in the U.K.