'Leaders Like Us': Co-designing a framework to develop young physical activity leader programmes for girls from underserved groups

儿童和年轻人的体力活动(PA)水平存在顽固的不平等。女孩以及来自贫困地区和少数民族背景的人最不活跃。新冠肺炎大流行加剧了PA水平的不平等(Bingham等人，2021年)。低水平的PA会对儿童和成人的健康、幸福感和学习成绩产生影响。解决PA不平等是英格兰体育最新战略--联合运动(Sports England，2021)的核心。与年轻人相关的PA领导人(由于年龄、性别、背景、种族等方面的相似之处)可以让最不活跃的人参与进来，因为他们表明PA可以适合像他们这样的人，并让年轻人感到舒服。然而，英国的PA劳动力主要是白人和男性，这导致服务不足群体的女性PA水平较低(Sports England，2018)。国际体育与健康学会(ISPAH)最近发布了一项行动呼吁，倡导体育运动和体育工作者的多样化和提高技能，作为提高体育与健康领域人口水平和减少不平等的系统方法的关键组成部分(ISPAH，2020)。培养年轻的巴勒斯坦权力机构女性领导人有助于积极的青年发展(PYD)，这可以建立可持续的巴勒斯坦权力机构提供，并改善来自服务不足社区的年轻女性的生活环境。尽管英国各地的不同提供商提供了几个年轻的PA领导力课程，但没有一个是专门针对服务不足的女孩群体设计的，它们专注于体育(而不是更广泛的PA)，而且它们没有证据。这项研究将共同制定一个框架，由PYD支持，从服务不足的群体(这里被描述为像我们这样的领导者)培养年轻的PA女性领导者。我们使用‘女性’和‘女孩’这两个词是为了简洁，但我们的目标是包括16-25岁的年轻人，他们认为自己是女性、非双性恋或其他少数族裔性别。“像我们这样的领导者”可用于：一)调整现有方案，以支持对服务不足的女童群体的接纳和交付；二)开发新的、为当地量身定做的方案，这些方案受益于提高的质量和稳健性，但仍具有适应性。该框架将包括如何从服务不足的群体中识别、招募和保持与年轻女孩(16-25岁)接触的指导方针，概述年轻女性PA领袖项目的学习成果，并为与特定的服务不足群体合作提供建议。我们将在双钻石方法(Design Council，2015)的基础上，通过两个阶段的方法培养像我们这样的领导者。第一阶段侧重于发现；我们将系统地规划现有的年轻巴勒斯坦权力机构领导人培训计划，并与参与制定和交付针对服务不足群体的计划的利益相关者开展重点小组，以了解什么有效、为什么以及如何奏效。第二阶段侧重于开发。我们将通过一系列研讨会，与一系列来自服务不足群体、从业者和学术合作伙伴的年轻女性共同设计“像我们这样的领导者”。然后，我们将通过有声思考的访谈来测试它的可接受性和可行性。像我们这样的领导者将有助于在实践中推动年轻领导者发展的积极变化，因为它提供了一个基于证据的资源，以支持当地项目的发展，这些项目是相关的，满足了来自服务不足群体的女性的需求。这将有助于建立一支社会公正和性别平衡的巴勒斯坦权力机构工作队伍，并最终促进女孩和年轻妇女终身参与巴勒斯坦权力机构。

There are stubborn inequalities in children and young people's physical activity (PA) levels. Girls, and people from deprived areas and ethnic minority backgrounds are the least active. Inequalities in PA levels have been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic (Bingham et al., 2021). The consequences of low levels of PA play out in child and adult health, wellbeing and academic outcomes. Tackling PA inequalities is at the heart of Sport England's latest strategy, Uniting the Movement (Sport England, 2021).PA leaders who young people relate to (due to similarities in, for example, age, gender, background, ethnicity) can engage the least active, as they show that PA can be for people like them, and make the young people feel comfortable. However, the UK PA workforce is largely white and male, which contributes to lower levels of PA in females from underserved groups (Sport England, 2018). The International Society for PA and Health (ISPAH) has recently published a call to action, which advocates for diversification and upskilling of the sport and PA workforce as a key component of a systems-based approach to increasing population levels of PA and reducing inequalities (ISPAH, 2020). Developing young female PA leaders contributes to positive youth development (PYD), which can build sustainable PA provision and improve the life circumstances of young females from underserved communities. Despite several young PA leadership programmes being delivered by different providers across the UK, none have been specifically designed to target underserved groups of girls, they focus on sport (rather than PA more broadly) and they are not evidence-based.This research will co-produce a framework, underpinned by PYD, for developing young female PA leaders from underserved groups (herein described as 'Leaders Like Us'). We use the terms 'female' and 'girls' for brevity purposes, but we aim to be inclusive of young people aged 16-25 who identify as female, non-binary or other minority genders. 'Leaders Like Us' can be used i) to adapt existing programmes to support uptake and delivery to underserved groups of girls, and ii) to develop new, locally-tailored programmes that benefit from enhanced quality and robustness but remain adaptable. The framework will include guidelines on how to identify, recruit and maintain engagement with young girls (aged 16 - 25) from underserved groups, outline learning outcomes for young female PA leader programmes, and provide recommendations for working with specific underserved groups.We will develop 'Leaders Like Us' through a two-phased approach, underpinned by the Double Diamond approach (Design Council, 2015). Phase 1 focuses on discovery; we will systematically map existing young PA leader training programmes, and conduct focus groups with stakeholders involved in developing and delivering programmes which target underserved groups, to understand what works, why and how. Phase 2 focuses on development. We will co-design 'Leaders Like Us' with a range of young females from underserved groups, practitioners and academic partners, through a series of workshops. We will then test its acceptability and feasibility through think-aloud interviews.'Leaders Like Us' will help drive positive change in young leader development in practice, as it provides an evidence-based resource to support the development of local programmes that are relevant and meet the needs of females from underserved groups. This will help work towards a socially just and gender-balanced PA workforce, and ultimately promote lifelong participation in PA in girls and young women.