TEEN LED VS ADULT LED DRUG PREVENTION IN SCHOOLS VIA 4H

提出的研究旨在(1)测试青少年主导的与成人主导的3年学校心理社会药物滥用预防计划的相对有效性，SMART Moves，从7年级开始；(2)检验五组假设的中介因素是否随项目参与而变化，并解释青少年酒精、烟草和其他药物（ATOD）使用的变化；(3)衡量方案实施因素对青少年主导和成人主导的药物滥用预防方案有效性的影响程度；(4)探讨项目地点的背景特征，以及这些学校和社区特征与青少年主导和成人主导的SMART Moves药物滥用预防项目实施之间的关系。这项为期5年的研究将在宾夕法尼亚州的10所学校进行，使用美国农业部合作推广服务系统的4-H学校充实计划（即在学校环境中提供4-H教育计划）。10个社区中的每一个社区都将有一名合作推广教育者（CE教育者）在他们的合作学校管理该项目，并监督青少年和成人领导人实施该项目。本研究将采用一项前测和多项后测的实验设计，通过比较三种情况下（青少年主导的项目组、成人主导的项目组和无项目对照组）的青少年，来测试假设的中介、实施过程和结果。将收集三年计划实施过程的定量和定性数据。在五年的研究中，每年都会收集有关学校和社区环境因素的数据。拟议研究的结果将确定建立教育教育工作者/学校合作来管理SMART Moves计划的效用。如果发现有效，该计划可以由教育教育工作者在全国范围内传播。

The proposed study is designed to (l) test the relative effectiveness of a teen-led versus adult-led 3-year school-based psychosocial drug abuse prevention program, SMART Moves, that begins in 7th grade; (2) test whether five sets of hypothesized mediating factors vary as a function of program participation and account for changes in youth alcohol, tobacco, and other drug (ATOD) use; (3) measure the extent to which program implementation factors contribute to the effectiveness of the teen-led and adult- led drug abuse prevention program; and (4) explore the contextual characteristics of program sites and the relationship between these school and community characteristics and implementation of the teen-led and adult-led SMART Moves drug abuse prevention program. The 5-year study will be conducted in 10 schools across Pennsylvania using the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Cooperative Extension Service delivery system of 4-H school enrichment programs (i.e., 4-H educational programs offered in the school setting). A Cooperative Extension Educator (CE Educator) in each of the 10 communities will manage the project in their collaborating school and will supervise implementation of the program by the teen and adult leaders. The study will employ an experimental design with a pretest and multiple posttests to test hypothesized mediators, implementation processes, and outcomes by comparing youth in three conditions (a teen-led program group, an adult-led program group, and a no-program control group). Quantitative and qualitative data will be collected on implementation processes across the three years of the program. Data on school and community contextual factors will be collected during each of the five years of the research. Findings from the proposed study will determine the utility of building CE Educator/school collaborations to admInister the SMART Moves program. If found effective, the program could be disseminated by CE Educators across the nation.