BIOMECHANICAL ANALYSIS IN STRABISMUS SURGERY

描述：斜视在美国很普遍。它通常是被治疗的 手术的结果并不完美。这是由于一种不完美的 对双眼眼眶解剖和生物力学的认识 对齐。最近在人类和猴子身上的证据表明，轨道 含有弹性蛋白的结缔组织和平滑肌细胞形成滑轮 引导肌肉路径。滑轮在双目对准中起着至关重要的作用， 异常可导致模式斜视，如遗传性结缔组织 疾病。滑轮异常的后果最好通过 计算生物力学模型。 在猴子和人类身上进行的平行、多学科研究被提出。 滑车的功能解剖：1)MRI分辨率的技术改进。 2)更准确地确定肌肉、滑轮和结缔组织 正常人和斜视者的凝视(和静态)的位置 身体猴子的体位)。3)一种新的数学公式 生物力学模型。4)应用改进后的模型进行验证 常见斜视综合征和手术的描述。 滑轮的组成：5)滑轮组成变化的表征 EOM结缔组织和平滑肌与性别、年龄和种族的关系 活体动态磁共振成像(功能解剖学)与身体的相关性 CT、MRI、免疫组织化学(显微解剖)。 滑轮的病理生理学： 6)对新的生物力学模型进行前瞻性测试 斜视手术中的滑车和结缔组织异常。 7)基因异常与遗传性结缔组织疾病的相关性 双眼排列与眼眶结缔组织组织学对照。8)寻求 与局部结缔组织疾病相关的分子遗传学证据 滑轮出现异常。9)使用警觉、行为正常的猴子植入 用于探索和模拟眼眶平滑肌效应的测量装置 刺激和失活。

DESCRIPTION: Strabismus is prevalent in the US. It is usually treated surgically with imperfect results. This results from an imperfect understanding of orbital anatomy and the biomechanics of binocular alignment. Recent evidence in humans and monkeys shows that orbital connective tissue containing elastin and smooth muscle cells form pulleys to guide muscle paths. Pulleys play a crucial role in binocular alignment, and abnormalities can cause pattern strabismus, as in genetic connective tissue diseases. Consequences of pulley abnormalities are best understood with a computational biomechanical model. Parallel, multidisciplinary studies in monkeys and humans are proposed. Functional anatomy of pulleys: 1) Technical refinement of MRI resolution. 2) More accurate determination of muscle, pulley, and connective tissue positions as a function of gaze in normal and strabismic humans (and static positions in cadaveric monkeys). 3) A new mathematical formulation of the biomechanical model. 4) Application of the improved model to validate description of common strabismus syndromes and surgeries. Composition of pulleys: 5) Characterization of changes in composition of EOM connective tissue and smooth muscle with gender, age, and race by correlating dynamic MRI in living subjects (functional anatomy) with cadaver CT, MRI, and immuno and histochemistry (microscopic anatomy). Pathophysiology of pulleys: 6) Prospective testing of the new biomechanical model in patients with pulley and connective tissue abnormalities undergoing strabismus surgery. 7) Correlation in genetic connective tissue disorders of abnormalities of binocular alignment with orbital connective tissue histology. 8)Seeking molecular genetic evidence for local connective tissue diseases associated with pulley abnormalities. 9) Use of alert, behaving monkeys with implanted measuring devices to explore and model effects of orbital smooth muscle stimulation and inactivation.