Operational Biogeochemistry for Submariners (OBS)

NOC、dstl（国防部）、皇家海军和切尔西技术集团（CTG）之间的讨论强调了从船体安装的航行仪器中可以获得什么，以及缺乏适当的正式沟通的地方未能利用英国的研究和开发。通过实时航行监测对海洋环境的科学认识取得的进展尚未与传统的业务培训相结合。利用这些进步所需的操作工具需要研究和开发，其成果将使英国运营商和英国企业出口受益。至关重要的是，通过研究机构基于知识的互动，将操作需求有效地反馈给行业，从而在简单的可视化用户界面中提供复杂的测量参数。在线商学院方案寻求通过一些正式的知识交流途径来解决这些问题。包括潜艇在内的皇家海军船只携带着各种正在进行的环境监测仪器。许多船只配备了航行中的仪器包，除了温度和盐度之外，还可以测量叶绿素荧光，一种被称为Gelbstoff或“黄色物质”的生物降解产物，痕量碳氢化合物和发光。为水手和潜艇员提供了物理海洋学方面的一些培训，以保持对水柱声速特性对声学探测和被探测能力的影响的一定程度的了解。然而，皇家海军和DSTL都对建立和开发非声学指标的使用有着浓厚的兴趣，这些指标可以提供有关英国战略优势的操作环境的信息。目前，操作人员对生物地球化学环境传感器的数据知之甚少。目前还没有适当的机制来提供持续的知识转移，以便对这些数据流进行常规解释，以获得操作环境优势。目前，如果不将适当的培训纳入水手和潜艇艇员课程，那么荧光计（叶绿素、格尔布斯托夫和碳氢化合物）和发光传感器提供的数量和单位对操作员来说毫无意义。而且，这些数据流的多变量解释是环境优势的真正附加价值可能出现的地方。这就需要开发战术环境预测固件，用于实时指导作战。例如，gelbstoff荧光的同时增加与叶绿素(a)荧光的减少可能表明，浮游植物种群可能朝着鞭毛藻为主的方向变化，并且可能在40%的风险水平上出现显著的血管尾流驱动发光。如果我们进一步将其与海洋学特征的知识结合起来，那么这种风险可能会降低到20%或增加到70%。整个OBS项目有三个部分，其中OBS(1)交换项目将构成基础的第一部分。OBS(1)是一项协作实况调查任务，对作战能力、技术采购、成熟研究知识和作战需求的现状进行编目。OBS(1)最重要的总体目标首先是为将长期生物地球化学操作培训纳入水手和潜艇艇员教学大纲设定细节，这些培训将由OBS(2)下由皇家海军支持的前线研究人员提供。其次，OBS(1)将订定OBS(3)下研究及发展可操作的环境预测工具的框架；包括与研究机构和行业的密切互动。该组件将开发未来的操作员界面，并将得到dstl的支持。

Discussions between NOC, dstl(Ministry of Defence), the Royal Navy and Chelsea Technologies Group (CTG) have highlighted what can be gained from hull-mounted underway instruments and where a lack of appropriate formal communication is failing to exploit UK research and development. Advances in the scientific understanding of the marine environment through real-time underway monitoring are not yet being integrated with traditional operational training. And the operational tools needed to exploit these advances need research and development, the outputs of which will benefit both UK operators and UK business exports. It is vital that operational requirements are efficiently fed back to industry, with the knowledge based interaction of research organisations, such that complex measured parameters are provided in a simple visual user interface. The OBS programme seeks to address these problems through a number of formal routes for knowledge exchange. Royal Navy vessels including submarines carry a wide range of underway environmental monitoring instruments. Many vessels are equipped with underway instrument packages which, in addition to temperature and salinity, also measure chlorophyll fluorescence, a biological degradation product known as Gelbstoff or 'yellow substance', trace hydrocarbons and luminescence. Some training is provided for mariners and submariners in physical oceanography to maintain a level of understanding of the impact of the sound velocity characteristics of a water column on the ability to detect and be detected acoustically. However, both the RN and DSTL have a keen interest in establishing and exploiting the use of non-acoustic indicators that provide information on the operating environment for UK strategic advantage. The data from biogeochemical environmental sensors are currently poorly understood by operators. There are no mechanisms currently in place to provide the sustained knowledge transfer necessary for the routine interpretation of these data streams for operational environmental advantage. Currently the numbers and units provided by the fluorimeters (chlorophyll, gelbstoff and hydrocarbons) and the luminescence sensors mean nothing to the operator without the incorporation of suitable training in the mariner and sub-mariner curriculum. And, the multi-variable interpretation of these data streams is where the real added value for environmental advantage could arise. This requires the development of tactical environmental prediction firmware for the real-time guidance of operations. For example a coincident increase in gelbstoff fluorescence with decreasing chlorophyll(a) fluorescence would suggest a possible change towards a dinoflagellate dominated phytoplankton population and the likelihood of significant vessel wake-driven luminescence at perhaps the 40% risk level. If we further combine this with a knowledge of oceanographic characteristics then perhaps this risk might be reduced to 20% or increased to 70%. The overall OBS programme has three parts, for which this exchange project OBS(1) will form the foundation first part. OBS(1) is a collaborative fact-finding mission to catalogue the current state of operational ability, technical procurement, mature research knowledge and operational requirements. The most important overall objectives of OBS(1) are firstly to set the details for the incorporation of long term biogeochemical operational training in the mariner and sub-mariner syllabus, to be provided by front line researchers supported by the Royal Navy under OBS(2). Secondly OBS(1) will set out the framework for the research and development of operational environmental prediction tools under OBS(3); involving close interaction with research organisations and industry. This component will develop the operator interface of the future and will be supported by dstl.