SEXUAL NETWORKS, PARTNER NOTIFICATION AND STD PREVENTION

描述（改编自申请人摘要）： 传染病已经从使用静态模型演变而来， 使用动态数学模型更合适 用于研究随着时间的推移感染在人群中的扩散。与 确定性和随机性模型的应用，注意力已经转移 从只分析个体的风险因素， 个体之间的传染为遭受性 传播感染（STIs），研究的重点因此从 从最初强调个体性危险行为到更全面的 整合数据，包括性别混合矩阵，伙伴关系并发， 其他性伙伴关系的特点和生态因素，影响 所有这些层次的互动。令人惊讶的是， 收集到了这些更高级的性互动模式， 特别是在与各种不同的 它们有着非常不同的自然历史。综合培训 建议的活动和研究将为Golden博士提供技能， 帮助他成为一名独立的学术研究者， 收集和分析这些数据。拟议的研究包括系统的， 同时分析男女混合和性关系网的模式 具有非常不同自然历史的重要性传播感染的特征： 细菌性性传播感染（淋病和衣原体感染）和两种病毒性传播感染（新 获得性生殖器疱疹和艾滋病毒）。华盛顿大学的三项联邦资助的研究 已经支持招募这些感染者， 拟议的研究将增加，只有少量的额外费用。由博士指导。 牛津大学的Geoff Garnett博士和牛津大学的King Holmes博士和Martina Morris博士 华盛顿大学将帮助指导性网络数据的开发， 这些数据，以改善数学模型，旨在评估潜在的 创新性预防措施的影响。具体目标是：1） 定义与淋病和衣原体感染有关的性网络， 在传输动态数学模型中使用经验网络数据， 评估伴侣通知、咨询和 治疗对这两种感染的患病率;和2）定义 与获得艾滋病毒和生殖器HSV相关的性网络 感染，将其与细菌性性病患者的性网络进行比较， 没有STI，并在数学模型中使用经验网络数据， 传输动力学，以评估行为的潜在影响， 抗病毒治疗干预措施对这些感染的流行。

DESCRIPTION (adapted from applicant's abstract): Epidemiologic research on communicable diseases has evolved from using static models suitable for noncommunicable diseases to using dynamic mathematical models more appropriate for studying the diffusion of infections through populations over time. With the application of deterministic and stochastic models, attention has shifted from analyzing only the risk factors of individuals, to also the interactions between individuals that drive transmission of infection. For sexually transmitted infections (STIs), the focus of research has thus shifted from an initial emphasis on individual sexual risk behaviors to a more comprehensive integration of data including sexual mixing matrices, partnership concurrency, other sex partnership characteristics and ecological factors that influence all of these levels of interaction. Surprisingly little empirical data have been collected on these higher order patterns of sexual interaction, particularly on potential differences in patterns associated with the various STIs that have very different natural histories. The integrated training activities and research proposed will provide Dr. Golden with skills to facilitate his goal of becoming an independent academic investigator as he collects and analyzes such data. The proposed studies include systematic, concurrent analyses of patterns of sexual mixing and sexual network characteristics for important STIs with very dissimilar natural histories: two bacterial STIs (gonorrhea and chlamydial infection) and two viral STIs (newly acquired genital herpes and HIV). Three federally funded studies at the UW already support recruitment of individuals with these infections, allowing the proposed studies to be added with only small additional cost. Mentoring by Dr. Geoff Garnett at Oxford University, and Drs. King Holmes and Martina Morris at the UW will help guide development of data on sexual networks and the use of such data to improve mathematical models designed to assess the potential impact of innovative preventive interventions. Specific aims will be to: 1) define sexual networks associated with gonorrhea and chlamydial infection and use empiric network data in mathematical models of transmission dynamics to evaluate the potential effect of partner notification, counseling and treatment on the prevalence of these two infections; and 2) To define the sexual networks associated with the acquisition of HIV and genital HSV infections, compare them to sexual networks of people with bacterial STI and without STIs, and use empiric network data in mathematical models of transmission dynamics to evaluate the potential effects of behavior and antiviral treatment interventions on the prevalence of these infections.