NOVEL DIAGNOSIS AND THERAPY OF EARLY ORAL CANCERS

口腔鳞癌占所有新发癌症的4%， 在美国，每年约有2%的癌症死亡。这些癌症影响 言语、吞咽、化妆外表和有损于 生活质量。尽管在治疗方面取得了进展，但没有显著改善 在过去的30年里，口腔癌的存活率一直在上升。进展 降低口腔鳞状细胞癌的发病率、发病率和死亡率 需要三层方法：分子因素的鉴定 有助于宿主的启动和进展，有助于阐明 和肿瘤特征相关的进展和 发展治疗癌前和癌前病变的新方法 微侵袭性口腔鳞状细胞。因为它的位置和广泛的转介 模式，德克萨斯大学医学博士安德森癌症中心治疗 口腔鳞状细胞癌谱系的大量患者，包括 口腔癌前病变、早期和晚期鳞癌。具体的 该中心的目标是：(1)发展对分子的理解 导致口腔鳞状细胞癌启动的事件；(2)确定 基因突变的贡献和降解酶的诱导 在口腔鳞状细胞的早期侵袭中；(3)开发新的生物学和 癌前和癌前病变的分子治疗干预策略 微创口腔鳞状细胞；(4)制定有效的教育方案 口腔疾病预防策略的筛查和社区意识 癌症。 这些目标将由基础科学领域的14名关键研究人员来解决， 病理学和过渡性临床研究。这项工作将是 开展的工作包括：(1)用于诊断和生物学的分子标记 口腔鳞状细胞癌前病变的评估；(2)口腔鳞状细胞癌中的降解酶 微侵袭和早期侵袭的鳞癌；(3)细胞的调控 癌前病变和微侵袭的分化、生长和凋亡 口腔鳞状细胞，以及(4)口腔细胞的凋亡诱导基因治疗 癌症前病变。此外，两个发展项目将 研究致癌物质代谢和组织中的遗传错误 荧光作为早期非介入性筛查诊断工具 口腔鳞状细胞。这些研究将由三个核心协调和支持 致力于口腔癌的研究、管理和教育；组织 临床设备的采购、维护、加工和分发 样本；生物统计分析和实验室整合， 临床和流行病学资料。这些努力将得到以下支持 由内部咨询委员会和外部顾问组成的方案顾问 咨询委员会。口腔癌症研究中心因此将提供新的 关于病原学、生物学、发病、进展和 口腔鳞癌的治疗。

Oral squamous carcinomas (SCCs) account for 4% of all new cancers and about 2% of cancer deaths annually in the U.S. These cancers affect speech, swallowing, cosmetic appearance, and factors that detract from the quality of life. Despite advances in therapy, no significant improvement in oral cancer survival has occurred in the past 30 years. Progress towards reducing the incidence, morbidity, and mortality of oral SCCs will require a three-tiered approach: identification of the molecular factors that contribute to the initiation and progression, elucidation of the host and tumor characteristics associated with the progression and the development of novel approaches for the treatment of premalignant and microinvasive oral SCCs. Because of its location and extensive referral pattern, the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center treats a large number of patients throughout the spectrum of oral SCCs, including oral premalignancies, early stage and advanced stage SCCs. The specific aims of this Center are to: (1) develop an understanding of the molecular events leading to the initiation of oral SCCs; (2) ascertain the contribution of genetic mutations and the induction of degradative enzymes in the early invasion of oral SCCs; (3) develop novel biologic and molecular therapeutic intervention strategies for premalignant and microinvasive oral SCCs; (4) develop effective educational programs for screening and community awareness of prevention strategies for oral cancers. These goals will be addressed by 14 key investigators in basic science, pathology, and transitional clinical investigations. The work to be undertaken includes: (1) molecular markers for diagnostic and biological assessment of premalignancy of oral SCCs; (2) degradative enzymes in microinvasive and early invasive SCC; (3) modulation of cell differentiation, growth, and apoptosis in premalignant and microinvasive oral SCCs, and (4) apoptosis-inducing gene therapy for oral premalignancies. Additionally, two developmental projects will investigate inherited errors in carcinogen metabolism and tissue fluorescence as a non-interventional screening diagnostic tool in early oral SCCs. These studies will be coordinated and supported by three cores devoted to oral cancer research, administration and education; tissue procurement, maintenance, processing, and distribution of clinical samples; and, biostatistical analysis and integration of laboratory, clinical and epidemiological data. These efforts will be supported by program advisers composing an Internal Advisory Committee and an External Advisory Committee. The Oral Cancer Research Center will thus provide new information on the etiology, biology, initiation, progression and treatment of oral SCCs.