Exceptional upward mobility against all odds: Non-cognitive skills and early-childhood disadvantage

经济条件差的孩子在社会成就上超过父母，他们就是先驱者。该项目的目的是介绍这种特殊的向上流动，作为经济成功的另一种衡量标准，并研究其分布和决定因素。主要的假设是，这些先驱者除了聪明之外，还有一套使他们成功的非认知技能。这将是第一个分析这些个体及其生活轨迹中与个性相关的决定因素的研究。这将有助于理解非认知技能影响向上流动的各种途径，并评估其在童年或青春期的可塑性。

Children from economically disadvantaged backgrounds who exceed their parents' social achievements are pioneers. The aims of this project are to introduce this exceptional upward mobility as an alternative measure of economic success and to study its distribution and determinants. The main hypothesis is that these pioneers, apart from being intelligent, have a set of non-cognitive skills that make them successful. This will be the first study to analyse these individuals and the personality-related determinants of their life trajectories. It will contribute to understand the various pathways via which non-cognitive skills affect upward mobility, and assess their malleability during childhood or adolescence.