NI: Developing Innovative Multi-proxy Analysis for Long-term environmental change in Siberia and the Russian Far East

当前全球变暖最明显的地区之一是西伯利亚和俄罗斯远东地区(SRFE)。不便的是，这也是国际数据库中气候记录覆盖率最低的地区之一。因此，分析和理解SRFE内气候变化的时空变化是极其困难的，因为它可以提供过去变化和当前变暖轨迹的背景，而且数据不足以合成有助于评估过去气候模拟的综合数据--这是评估模型在预测未来方面表现得如何的重要方式，无论是森林火灾对社区和生态系统的影响，还是目前储存在土壤和泥炭地中的碳的命运。缺乏SRFE的记录在一定程度上反映了俄罗斯研究所和国际合作伙伴之间很少有成熟的、多年的国际合作。虽然俄罗斯研究所的科学家可以使用大型数据集和实地站点，并有高素质的工作人员进行实验室分析，但他们往往较少接触到最新的分析方法和数据质量控制协议--或者实际上是目前高影响力国际出版物和数据合成所要求的语言流利性。这可能会在项目内部产生不平衡的影响，并导致没有长期方向和连贯性的片面和/或短期科学互动。我们将通过来自英国和俄罗斯科学院在SRFE的六个研究所的研究人员网络来解决科学和科学文化问题。该网络中的合作伙伴已经表示出强烈的兴趣，愿意合作并集中资源，以(1)综合现有数据，(2)学习新的方法，(3)在本研究项目和未来的研究项目中共同创造新的高质量的气候和环境变化记录。我们的网络被称为DIMA(开发创新的多代理分析)，因为我们将使用多种新方法从沉积物记录(代理)中获取气候信息，以重建气候变化。我们的伙伴关系建设和合作有几个目标。首先，在出版之前，DIMA小组将分析描述过去植被变化的现有数据集，以创建增值特征(例如，为气候-植被建模工作制定的数据)。其次，我们将收集样本，应用一种新的方法从湖泊沉积物中的昆虫遗骸中恢复过去的温度；这将得到俄罗斯合作者在英国的培训，在SRFE的三名同事对英国进行为期一个月的访问期间，培训他们如何使用最新的实验室和统计程序。它将包括收集现代参考样本，并从西伯利亚西部产生高质量的长期温度记录，作为扩大计划的概念验证。项目负责人范·哈登布鲁克是这一领域的专家。这两个选定的俄罗斯项目合作伙伴在组织实地活动和实验室分析方面拥有丰富的经验，并将提供必要的人员、支持和基础设施。在这个项目中获得的新数据和经验将使DIMA团队在申请更大的合作项目方面处于竞争地位；高度积极的团队将做好准备，生成整个SRFE的长期气候记录，制作高质量的区域温度合成，并与例如利用数据汇编探索气候-植被模型性能的小组开展合作(共同I Edwards当前的合作)。这项提议解决了英国政府表示的需要，即发展和保持与包括俄罗斯在内的关键国家的强大科学联系，并在英国退欧后加强欧洲以外的国际合作。

One of the regions where current global warming is most pronounced is Siberia and the Russian Far East (SRFE). Inconveniently, this is also one of the regions with least coverage of climate records in international databases. As a consequence, it is extremely difficult to analyse and understand the spatial and temporal variations of climate change in SRFE that can provide context for past changes and current warming trajectories, and data are inadequate for syntheses that can aid evaluation of simulations of past climate-an important way to assess how well models perform at projecting the future, whether it be the impact on communities and ecosystems of forest fires or the fate of carbon currently stored in soils and peatlands. The lack of records from SRFE partly reflects that there are few well established, multi-year international collaborations between Russian institutes and international partners. While scientists at Russian institutes have access to large datasets and field sites and have high-quality staff conducting laboratory analyses, they often have less access to the latest analytical approaches and data quality control protocols-or indeed the language fluency currently required for high-impact international publications and data syntheses. This can generate an imbalance of influence within projects and lead to one-sided and/or short-term scientific interactions that do not have long-term direction and coherence.We will address both the science and science culture issues via a network of researchers from the UK and six institutes of the Russian Academy of Sciences in SRFE. Partners in this network have already expressed a strong interest to work together and pool resources to (1) synthesise existing data, (2) learn new methods, and (3) together create new high-quality records of climate and environmental change in this and future research projects. Our network is called DIMA ("Developing Innovative Multi-proxy Analysis"), because we will use multiple new approaches to get climate information from sediment records (proxies) to reconstruct climate change.Our partnership-building and collaboration have several aims. First an extant dataset that described past vegetational change, which has not yet reached an international audience, will be analysed by the DIMA groups to create value-added features (e.g., data formulated for climate-vegetation modelling exercises) prior to publication. Second, we will collect samples to apply a method new to this region for reconstructing past temperatures from insect remains in lake sediments; this will be underpinned by UK-based training of Russian collaborators in the use of the latest laboratory and statistical procedures during a month-long visit of three colleagues from SRFE to the UK. It will involve collecting modern reference samples and generating a high-quality long temperature record from western Siberia as proof-of-concept for an expanded programme. Project leader van Hardenbroek is a specialist in this field. The two selected Russian Project Partners have considerable experience in organising field campaigns and laboratory analysis and will provide the necessary personnel, support and infrastructure. The new data and the experience gained during this project will place the DIMA team in a competitive position to apply for larger collaborative project; the highly motivated team will be geared up to generate long-term climate records across SRFE, produce a high-quality regional temperature synthesis, and develop collaborations with, for example, groups using data compilations to explore climate-vegetation model performance (co-I Edwards current collaboration). This proposal addresses the UK government's expressed need for developing and maintaining strong science ties with key countries, including Russia and strengthening international collaborations outside Europe post-Brexit.