NOVEL DIAGNOSIS AND THERAPY OF EARLY ORAL CANCERS

口腔鳞状细胞癌（SCC）占所有新发癌症的4%， 美国每年约有2%的癌症死亡，这些癌症影响着 语言，吞咽，美容外观，以及减损 生活质量 尽管治疗取得了进展，但没有显著改善 在过去的30年里，口腔癌的生存率一直在上升。 进展 降低口腔SCC的发病率、发病率和死亡率的目标将 需要一个三层的方法：识别分子因素 有助于宿主的启动和发展， 以及与进展相关的肿瘤特征， 发展新的方法治疗癌前病变， 微创口腔鳞状细胞癌。 由于它的位置和广泛的转诊 模式，得克萨斯大学医学博士安德森癌症中心治疗一名 大量的患者在整个口腔SCC谱，包括 口腔癌前病变、早期和晚期SCC。 具体 该中心的目标是：（1）发展对分子的理解 导致口腔SCC启动的事件;（2）确定 基因突变的贡献和降解酶的诱导 在口腔鳞癌的早期侵袭中;（3）开发新的生物制剂， 癌前病变的分子治疗干预策略 微创口腔SCC;（4）制定有效的教育计划， 口腔疾病的筛查和社区预防策略的认识 癌的 这些目标将由14名基础科学领域的关键研究人员来实现， 病理学和过渡性临床研究。 这项工作 开展的工作包括：（1）诊断和生物学的分子标记 口腔鳞状细胞癌癌前病变的评估;（2） 微侵袭和早期侵袭SCC;（3）细胞调节 癌前病变和微侵袭性肿瘤的分化、生长和凋亡 口腔鳞状细胞癌，和（4）口腔鳞状细胞癌诱导基因治疗 癌前病变 此外，两个发展项目将 研究致癌物质代谢和组织遗传错误 荧光作为早期非介入性筛查诊断工具 口服SCC。 这些研究将由三个核心协调和支持 致力于口腔癌研究、管理和教育;组织 采购、维护、处理和分发临床 样本;以及，生物统计分析和实验室整合， 临床和流行病学数据。 这些努力将得到以下方面的支持： 项目顾问组成一个内部咨询委员会和一个外部 咨询委员会。 口腔癌研究中心将提供新的 关于病因学、生物学、开始、进展和 口腔SCC的治疗。

Oral squamous carcinomas (SCCs) account for 4% of all new cancers and about 2% of cancer deaths annually in the U.S. These cancers affect speech, swallowing, cosmetic appearance, and factors that detract from the quality of life. Despite advances in therapy, no significant improvement in oral cancer survival has occurred in the past 30 years. Progress towards reducing the incidence, morbidity, and mortality of oral SCCs will require a three-tiered approach: identification of the molecular factors that contribute to the initiation and progression, elucidation of the host and tumor characteristics associated with the progression and the development of novel approaches for the treatment of premalignant and microinvasive oral SCCs. Because of its location and extensive referral pattern, the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center treats a large number of patients throughout the spectrum of oral SCCs, including oral premalignancies, early stage and advanced stage SCCs. The specific aims of this Center are to: (1) develop an understanding of the molecular events leading to the initiation of oral SCCs; (2) ascertain the contribution of genetic mutations and the induction of degradative enzymes in the early invasion of oral SCCs; (3) develop novel biologic and molecular therapeutic intervention strategies for premalignant and microinvasive oral SCCs; (4) develop effective educational programs for screening and community awareness of prevention strategies for oral cancers. These goals will be addressed by 14 key investigators in basic science, pathology, and transitional clinical investigations. The work to be undertaken includes: (1) molecular markers for diagnostic and biological assessment of premalignancy of oral SCCs; (2) degradative enzymes in microinvasive and early invasive SCC; (3) modulation of cell differentiation, growth, and apoptosis in premalignant and microinvasive oral SCCs, and (4) apoptosis-inducing gene therapy for oral premalignancies. Additionally, two developmental projects will investigate inherited errors in carcinogen metabolism and tissue fluorescence as a non-interventional screening diagnostic tool in early oral SCCs. These studies will be coordinated and supported by three cores devoted to oral cancer research, administration and education; tissue procurement, maintenance, processing, and distribution of clinical samples; and, biostatistical analysis and integration of laboratory, clinical and epidemiological data. These efforts will be supported by program advisers composing an Internal Advisory Committee and an External Advisory Committee. The Oral Cancer Research Center will thus provide new information on the etiology, biology, initiation, progression and treatment of oral SCCs.