REPRODUCTIVE HORMONES & MIGRATION PATTERNS IN JUVENILE HOWLING MONKEYS

青少年迁出的模式在《驯鹿的咆哮》中有记录 但猴子的具体动力尚不清楚。要确定是否 移民是由激素调节的，共收集了193份粪便样本 来自太平洋庄园5个社会团体的25名青少年 1993年至1995年6月至8月。对样本进行了雌二醇分析， 黄体酮和睾酮浓度。空气中的平均浓度 确定了每一年的每个人，并进行了比较 年龄(1-1.9岁；2-2.9岁；3-3.9岁)，按性别(男性、女性)和 移民结果(留存、年内移民、年内移民 研究)。所有一岁的婴儿都留在产后小组，没有 男性和女性之间的激素浓度差异。 留在群体中的两岁雌性幼崽的平均值更高 所有激素的浓度都高于移居国外的女性。这 在三岁时，留在群体中的雌性 平均激素浓度低于移居国外的人。两个人--还有 三岁的雄性，那些留在群体中的那些 比那些移民的人更集中。相比之下，对于两个人来说-和 在研究过程中，三岁的雄性被迫离开群体， 所有的荷尔蒙水平都非常高

Juvenile emigration patterns are documented in mantled howling monkeys but the specific impetus is unknown. To determine if emigration is hormonally mediated, 193 fecal samples were collected from 25 juveniles in 5 social groups on Hacienda La Pacifica during June-August, 1993-1995. Samples were analyzed for estradiol, progesterone, and testosterone concentration. Mean concentrations for each individual for each year were determined, and were compared by age (1-1.9 yrs; 2-2.9 yrs.; 3-3.9 yrs), by sex (male, female), and by emigration outcome (remained, emigrated during year, emigrated during study). All one-year olds remained in natal groups, with no differences in hormone concentrations between males and females. Two-year old females that remained in groups had higher mean concentrations of all hormones than females that emigrated. This pattern reversed at three years of age Females remaining in groups had lower mean hormone concentrations than those emigrating. For two- and three-year old males, those that remained in groups had lower concentrations than those that emigrated. In contrast, for two- and three-year old males being forced out of the group during the study, all hormonal values were very