Inuit Qaujisarnirmut Pilirijjutit on Arctic Shipping Risks in Inuit Nunangat

气候变化导致的海冰减少使北冰洋变得更容易进入。因此，随着自然资源的开发和亚洲、欧洲和北美之间较短的过境路线的开发，因纽特努南加特水域的海运预计将在未来几年大幅增加。虽然航运业在支持因纽特人努南加特地区的经济方面发挥了关键作用，但北极航运的增加给该地区的自然和文化遗产带来了各种威胁。这些威胁对因纽特人社区的健康、福祉和生计具有广泛的后果，需要评估和减轻。这个项目是由加拿大和英国的几个因纽特人组织、因纽特人社区和学者直接针对这些挑战共同设计的。将使用风险地图、现有数据建模、社区青年培训和知识记录讲习班以及机会船等方法，处理五项主要研究活动，旨在确定和评估因纽特人努南加特地区航运预期增加的实用解决方案。该项目旨在反映因纽特人的社会价值观、因纽特人的知识和Piliriqatigiingniq原则，该原则被广泛定义为尊重并利用可用的每一种资源、网络、技术和程序，以便达成可能的最佳合作解决方案来应对挑战。我们将采用Aajiiqatigiingniq研究方法(ARM)，该方法植根于因纽特人Qaujimajatuqangit和因纽特人特有的知识建设和意义创造方法，通过包容和参与的团体进程共同建立协议。这一进程使因纽特人能够界定对某一问题的已知和集体理解，并为因纽特人收集、审查和分析信息(例如科学数据、因纽特人知识)提供一种形式，以便在收集信息时(无论使用何种方法)反复确定新信息与已知/了解的信息的相关性和影响。该项目由一个智慧委员会指导，将通过一系列共同学习讲习班、采样和分析活动以及信息/结果分享聚会，让科学家、社区组织、因纽特人和北方社区研究人员和青年、当地因纽特人知识持有者和船舶操作员参与其中。我们侧重于反映商定和共同制定的研究目标的五项关键活动，这些活动包括：活动1)分析因努伊特努南加特过去、现在和预计未来的航运交通，活动2)调查水下噪音对海洋哺乳动物、狩猎和(国家)粮食安全的影响，活动3)测量船舶来源的空气和海洋污染，活动4)评估船舶交通引入非土著物种的情况，以及活动5)编制综合了活动1-4的产出的风险地图，并进一步确定能够应对已确定挑战的相关风险缓解技术和自主海洋政府战略。在开展研究时，我们将依托两个研究平台：基于社区的研究和机遇船。这些免费的方法将使我们能够专注于通常使用的航运走廊，并收集历史上航运活动水平较低的社区(即阿维亚特和努纳武特)与航运活动相对较高的社区(即池口、努纳武特)之间的基线数据和比较数据。

Diminishing sea ice due to climate change is making the Arctic Ocean more accessible. As a result, marine shipping withinInuit Nunangat waters is expected to increase dramatically in coming years as natural resources and shorter transit routesbetween Asia, Europe and North America are exploited. While the shipping industry plays a pivotal role in supporting theeconomy across Inuit Nunangat, increased Arctic shipping brings various threats to natural and cultural heritage in theregion. These threats, which have wide-ranging consequences for the health, well-being and livelihoods of Inuitcommunities, need to be assessed and mitigated. This project has been co-designed in direct response to thesechallenges by several Inuit organizations, Inuit communities, and academics in Canada and the UK. A combination ofmethods, including risk mapping, modelling of existing data, community youth training and knowledge documentationworkshops, and ships of opportunity, will be used to address five main research activities designed to identify and assesspractical solutions for the anticipated increase in shipping across Inuit Nunangat.The project is intentionally designed to reflect Inuit social values, Inuit Qaujisarnirmut (knowledge), and the principle ofPiliriqatigiingniq, which is broadly defined as the process of respectful coming together and use of every resource, network,technology, and process available, in order to arrive at the best possible collaborative solution to a challenge. We willemploy the Aajiiqatigiingniq Research Methodology (ARM), which is rooted in Inuit Qaujimajatuqangit and Inuit-specificmethods for knowledge-building and meaning-making to build agreement together through group processes that areinclusive and participatory. This process enables Inuit to define what is known and collectively understood about an issueand facilitates a format for Inuit to gather, review and analyse information (e.g. scientific data, Inuit knowledge) as it isgathered (regardless of method used) to iteratively determine the relevance and impacts of new information on what isalready known/understood.The project, guided by a wisdom committee, will involve scientists, community organizations, Inuit and Northern communityresearch associates and youth, local Inuit knowledge holders, and ship operators through a series of co-learningworkshops, sampling and analysis activities, and information/results sharing gatherings. We focus on five key activities thatreflect the agreed upon and co-developed research objectives and these include: Activity 1) analyses of past, present, andprojected future shipping traffic for Inuit Nunangat, Activity 2) investigation of underwater noise impacts on marinemammals, hunting, and (country) food security, Activity 3) measurement of ship-source air and marine pollution, Activity 4)evaluation of the introduction of non-indigenous species due to ship traffic, and Activity 5) the development of risks mapsthat integrate outputs from Activities 1-4 and further identification of relevant risk mitigation techniques and self-determinedocean government strategies that could deal with identified challenges. While conducting the research, we will rely on tworesearch platforms: community-based research and ships of opportunity. These complimentary approaches will allow us tofocus both on typically used shipping corridors and also to gather baseline data and comparative data between acommunity that has historically experienced low levels of shipping activity (i.e., Arviat, Nunavut) and a community that hasexperienced relatively high levels of shipping activity (i.e., Pond Inlet, Nunavut).