BIOMEDICAL IMAGE PROCESSING

该项目使用图像处理技术来分析多种类型的生物、临床和生物医学图像。目前的研究主要集中在三个一般领域：(1)利用电子显微镜图像处理和3D重建的大分子结构生物学；(2)医学成像，包括(A)PET，(B)语音病理中的超声，(C)心脏成像中的超声，(D)CT成像，(E)磁共振成像，(F)癌症研究中的成像，以及(H)与神经功能障碍有关的成像；以及(3)普通实验室成像。计算生物科学和工程实验室图像处理研究科与各研究所进行了长期的合作研究工作，涉及使用图像处理技术和先进的计算技术来分析电子显微图像，以确定大分子结构。计算技术和实验技术的最新进展将我们的研究推向了3D病毒衣壳结构高分辨率分析的前沿。我们第一个打破了二十面体衣壳结构的10A障碍，以及第一个非常高分辨率的衣壳/抗体结构，我们可以提供领导，帮助其他人在解决和理解重要的生物问题方面取得重大进展。此外，我们还首次证明了高性能计算可以在病毒衣壳的三维重建中提供计算效率。计算生物科学和工程实验室图像处理研究科长期致力于为NIH的各种临床和生物医学活动提供计算和工程专业知识。具体地说，PET、超声波、CT、MRI、癌症研究中的成像以及与神经功能障碍相关的成像已经在许多方面得到了支持。例如，我们参与了新的动物PET扫描仪技术的开发，使图像分辨率远远超过了以前最先进的扫描仪。我们为国家心肺和血液研究所(NHLBI)的心脏病学分部开发了名为NIH MAGIC的独特成像软件，这将为心脏组织活性研究的发展领域做出贡献。康复医学部的言语病理学也使用该软件进行3D可视化。一个全面的基于Java的图像处理软件包MIPAV已经被编写用于分割和分析肿瘤，用于诊断放射学，并正在从CT扩展到MRI、功能MRI以及其他成像方式。与NCI正在进行的合作包括对CGAP项目中获得的2D显微样本进行成像。最后，与NIMH合作，正在对神经功能的成像评估进行评估。NIDCR还使用MIPAV进行纵向研究，以分析治疗效果。-图像处理、可视化、高性能计算、结构生物学、病毒结构、3D重建、疱疹病毒

This project uses image processing techniques to analyze many types of biological, clinical and biomedical images. Current research focuses on three general areas: (1) the structural biology of macromolecules using image processing of electron micrographs and 3D recontructions; (2) medical imaging, which includes (a) PET, (b) ultrasound in speech pathology, (c) ultrasound in cardiac imaging, (d) CT imaging, (e) MRI, (f) imaging in cancer research, and (h) imaging related to neural disfunction; and (3) general laboratory imaging. The Image Processing Research Section, Computational Bioscience and Engineering Laboratory has a long term collaborative research effort with the institutes involving the use of image processing techniques and advanced computational techniques to analyze electron micrographs with the goal of determining macromolecular structures. Recent advances in computational techniques as well as experimental techniques has catapulted our research to the cutting edge of high-resolution analyses of 3D virus capsid structures. We were the first to break the 10A barrier for icosahedral capsid structures, as well as the first very high resolution capsid/Antibody structure, and we can provide the leadership to help others obtain significant improvements in resolution and understanding of important biological problems. In addition, we were the first to demonstrate that high performance computing can provide computational efficiency in the three-dimensional reconstruction of virus capsids. The Image Processing Research Section, Computational Bioscience and Engineering Laboratory has a long term commitment to providing computational and engineering expertise to a variety of clinical and biomedical activities at NIH. Specifically, PET, ultrasound, CT, MRI, imaging in cancer research, and imaging related to neural disfunction have been supported in a number of ways. For example, our participation in the development of new animal PET scanner technology has extended image resolution far beyond what was available from previous state-of-the-art scanners. We have been instrumental in the development of unique imaging software called NIH magic for the Cardiology Branch of the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI) which will contribute to the developing field of cardiac tissue viability studies. This software is also being used by Speech pathology in the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine to perform 3D visualization. A comprehensive JAVA based image processing software package MIPAV has been written to segment and analyze tumors for Diagnostic Radiology and is being extended from CT to MRI, functional MRI as well as other imaging modalities. An ongoing collaboration with NCI involves imaging 2D microscopic samples obtained in the CGAP project. Finally, an imaging assessment of neural functioning is being evaluated in collaboration with NIMH. MIPAV is also used by NIDCR to perform longitudinal studies to analyze the efficacy of treatments. - Image processing, visualization, high performance computing, structural biology, virus structure, 3D reconstruction, herpesvirus