Enhancing climate resilience in eastern Africa by co-developing equitable solutions to land degradation and supporting their implementation

土地退化是撒哈拉以南非洲的一个严重问题，加剧了该地区农牧民和农业社区对气候变化的脆弱性。它增加了农业生态系统对气候影响的暴露和敏感性，降低了气候适应备选办法的有效性，破坏了受影响社区的复原力。必须找到缓解土地退化的有效解决办法，并成功实施这些办法，以加强撒南非洲农牧和农业社区的气候适应能力，并为气候适应性发展开辟道路。拟议项目旨在实现这一目标，重点是基于自然的解决方案（NbS）。我们的目标是通过共同开发和测试土地退化的公平NBS，评估其可行性和可扩展性，并探索以证据为基础的途径，以促进利益相关者实施此类解决方案，从而加强撒哈拉以南非洲农牧和农业社区的气候适应能力。项目成果将为当地乃至国际层面的利益相关者提供利益相关者社区可接受的、适应不同环境的、适用于更广泛范围的NBS证据。为实现这一目标，我们将推进跨学科和基于社区的方法，参与土壤和农业科学、群体心理学和人类学以及发展研究的前沿研究，以及利益相关者的知识和当地非政府组织和政策制定者的合作。该项目分为三个工作包（WP），进行持续的跨学科交流。WP 1将利用当地知识，共同开发针对土地退化的多用途NBS，以加强气候适应能力，测试其在不同背景下的有效性，并对其可扩展性进行建模。第二工作方案将审查性别、青年以及交叉不平等和脆弱性在土地退化和相关气候适应能力方面的作用，并探索实施对性别和年龄界定的社会差异敏感的公平解决方案的途径。WP 3将确定采用NBS的社会心理障碍和机会，并测试旨在加强社区复原力，福祉以及支持NBS实施的规范和价值观的基于群体的干预措施。上述目标将在埃塞俄比亚、坦桑尼亚和肯尼亚的三个实地基地实现，为跨地理、社会和文化条件的情境化提供机会。该项目的主要成果将包括新的证据的有效性，情境化和可扩展性的NBS解决土地退化和相关的气候脆弱性在SSA;增强知识的公平问题需要如何纳入NBS的实施;和测试的方法，以确保NBS的实施时间的可持续性，通过解决社区规范和价值观。

Land degradation is a critical problem in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), which exacerbates vulnerabilities to climate change among agro-pastoralist and farming communities in the region. It increases exposure and sensitivity of agro-ecological systems to climate impacts and reduces effectiveness of climate adaptation options, undermining resilience of the affected communities. It is essential to find effective solutions to mitigating land degradation and implement them successfully in order to strengthen climate resilience of agro-pastoralist and farming communities in SSA and build pathways for climate resilient development. The proposed project aims to achieve this with a focus on nature-based solutions (NbS). Our aim is to strengthen climate resilience of agro-pastoralist and farming communities in SSA by co-developing and testing equitable NbS to land degradation, assessing their feasibility and scalability, and exploring evidence-based pathways to facilitating implementation of such solutions by stakeholders. The project outcomes will provide stakeholders at local to international level with evidence of NbS that are acceptable to stakeholder communities, adaptable to different contexts, and applicable at wider scales.To achieve this, we will advance an interdisciplinary and community-based approach, engaging cutting-edge research in soil and agricultural science, group psychology and anthropology, and development studies, as well as stakeholder knowledge and collaboration of local NGOs and policy-makers. The project is structured in three work packages (WPs), engaged in a continuous interdisciplinary exchange. WP1 will build on local knowledge to co-develop multi-purpose NbS to land degradation that strengthen climate resilience, test their effectiveness across contexts, and model their scalability. WP2 will examine the role of gender, youth, and intersectional inequity and vulnerability in the context of land degradation and the associated climate resilience, and explore pathways to implementing equitable solutions that are sensitive to gender and age-defined social differences. WP3 will identify social psychological barriers and opportunities for NbS adoption and test a group-based intervention aimed at strengthening community resilience, well-being, and norms and values supporting NbS implementation. The above aims will be delivered across three field sites in Ethiopia, Tanzania, and Kenya, providing opportunities for contextualising across geographic, social, and cultural conditions. Principal outcomes of the project will include new evidence on effectiveness, contextualisation, and scalability of NbS addressing land degradation and the associated climate vulnerabilities in SSA; enhanced knowledge of how equity issues need to be incorporated in NbS implementation; and a tested approach to ensuring temporal sustainability of NbS implementation by addressing community norms and values.