ALCOHOL AND BAR VIOLENCE

这个应用程序主要关注酒精与酒精之间的关系 酒吧里的消费和人际攻击性。这个 研究由三个相互关联的部分组成，旨在 评估青少年(18至30岁)身体攻击行为的发生率 年)，并测试相关的远端和近端因素 禁止暴力。远端因素在本质上更具倾向性， 包括个体差异变量(例如，敌意)、酒精- 相关变量(例如，预期、饮酒模式)，以及 典型酒吧设置的性质(例如，社会和身体 特征)。近端因素本质上更多地是情境性的， 但反映了远端变量的类别。它们包括 关于特定事件参与者的归属 酒吧暴力事件，事件中的酒精消费，以及 暴力事件发生的酒吧的特征。 该申请围绕以下具体目标进行组织：1) 评估酒吧和其他场所的暴力盛行情况， 在具有代表性的年轻人样本中；2)检查一个 酒吧暴力的远端模式；3)提供客观信息 关于酒吧的社会和生理特征， 与那些没有发生暴力的国家相比，暴力发生了； 4)检验酒吧暴力的近端模式；5)成比例 针对其流行率，收集与女性 参与酒吧暴力。这些目标将在三年内实现 阶段研究。第一阶段使用随机数字拨号和计算机辅助 电话采访(CATI)，调查3000名男性和3000名女性 关于酒吧和其他场所的暴力行为。第二阶段是评估 与酒吧暴力的极端模式有关的因素。问卷调查 将由120名男性和33名女性完成，他们都有过酒吧经历 暴力(EBV)，观察到酒吧暴力的120名男性和100名女性 (Obv)，以及120名男性和100名女性，他们既没有经历也没有经历过 观察酒吧暴力(对照组)。阶段3是详细的评估 与酒吧暴力的近距离模式有关的因素。一项活动- 将对以下人员进行基于面对面的面谈 EBV组。研究的所有阶段都将进行 同时，第一阶段将用于识别和招募 符合第二阶段三项条件的人士为 以及第三阶段。此外，训练有素的观察员将评估 受试者提及的酒吧的社会和身体特征 在第二阶段和第三阶段。考虑到对酒精和酒吧的研究很少 暴力，这项研究计划将解决许多重要的 知识上的差距。随着调查人员从宏观转向微观 对导致酒吧暴力的因素进行分析的程度， 本研究将对这两种理论的发展做出贡献 酒精在人体内作用的模型和实验范式 酒吧里的人际暴力。

This application focuses on the relationship between alcohol consumption and interpersonal aggression in a barroom setting. The research consists of three interrelated components designed to assess the prevalence of physical aggression among young (18 to 30 years) adults, and to test both distal and proximal factors related to bar violence. Distal factors are more dispositional in nature and include individual difference variables (e.g., hostility), alcohol- related variables (e.g., expectancies, drinking patterns), and the nature of typical bar setting (e.g., social and physical characteristics). Proximal factors are more situational in nature, but mirror the classes of distal variables. They include attributions concerning the participants in the specific incident of bar violence, alcohol consumption during the incident, and the characteristics of the bar in which the violent incident occurred. The application is organized around the following specific aims: 1) to assess the prevalence of violence, in bars and other contexts, among a representative sample of young adults; 2) to examine a distal model of bar violence; 3) to provide objective information concerning the social and physical characteristics of bars in which violence occurs compared to those in which violence does not occur; 4) to examine a proximal model of bar violence; and 5) proportional to their prevalence, collect information related to women's involvement in bar violence. These aims will be achieved in a three phase study. Phase 1 uses random digit dialing and computer assisted telephone interviewing (CATI) to survey 3,000 men and 3,000 women about violence in bars and other settings. Phase 2 is an assessment of factors related to a distal model of bar violence. Questionnaires will be completed by 120 men and 33 women who have experienced bar violence (EBV), 120 men and 100 women who have observed bar violence (OBV), and 120 men and 100 women who have neither experienced nor observed bar violence (controls). Phase 3 is a detailed assessment of factors related to a proximal model of bar violence. A event- based, face-to-face interview will be administered to persons in the EBV group. All phases of the research will be conducted concurrently, such that Phase 1 will be used to identify and recruit persons who meet criteria for the three conditions of Phase 2 as well as Phase 3. In addition, trained observers will assess the social and physical characteristics of bars mentioned by subjects in Phase 2 and 3. Given the paucity of research on alcohol and bar violence, this program of research will address many significant gaps in knowledge. As the investigators move from a macro to a micro level of analysis of the factors that contribute to bar violence, this research will contribute to the development of both theoretical models and experimental paradigms of the role of alcohol in interpersonal violence in bars.