BIOENERGETICS OF EXERCISE-INDUCED MENSTRUAL DISTURBANCES

描述：（从申请人摘要中扫描） 由于剧烈运动会引起月经周期性不孕，严重的 骨脱矿，增加骨折风险，并可能增加风险 心血管疾病最近在人类和动物身上的发现强烈地表明， 表明运动引起的月经失调主要是由以下原因引起的： 低能量可用性，而不是由其他因素，如身体压力 运动本身。虽然一些研究已经量化了能量平衡 与生殖激素血浆水平的短期降低有关， 与临床上的诱导和逆转相关的生物能量学 公认的锻炼女性月经失调仍不清楚。 本提案的第一个具体目标是检验以下假设： 运动性月经的严重程度与 干扰和负能量平衡的大小。除了 在人类的横断面研究表明，运动引起的体重减轻， 月经失调与适应机制有关， 能量，即，循环代谢激素和底物的改变，以及 降低24小时能量消耗的组成部分，如代谢率。 由于使用动物模型的体内和体外研究表明， 调节中关键代谢激素和底物的机制作用 GnRH神经元活性与能量平衡变化的前瞻性研究 在人类中，现在有必要确定时间过程和大小， EIMD发展过程中潜在关键代谢信号的变化。的 本提案的第二个具体目标是检验以下假设： 运动引起的月经失调是由一种 由适应性机制定义的特定代谢状态以保存能量。 这项研究的意义涉及不孕症的条件，延迟 青春期、无排卵、神经性厌食、运动诱发的闭经，以及 最近发现黄体期紊乱和无排卵的高发病率 女性运动周期，甚至在娱乐水平。我们期待结果 这些研究提供了新的和有用的信息， 关于运动和饮食习惯的建议， 维持正常的排卵期月经周期和充足的 循环中的雌激素和孕激素研究结果还将扩大我们的 了解生殖功能的调节机制， 能源可用性。

DESCRIPTION: (Scanned from the applicant's abstract) The suppression of menstrual cyclicity due to strenuous exercise can cause infertility, severe bone demineralization, increase fracture risk, and possibly increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. Recent findings in humans and animals have strongly suggested that exercise-induced menstrual disturbances are primarily caused by low energy availability and not by other factors, such as the physical stress of exercise per se. While some studies have quantified energy balance associated with short-term decreases in plasma levels of reproductive hormones, the bioenergetics associated with the induction and reversal of clinically recognized menstrual disturbances in exercising women remain unclear. The first specific aim of this proposal is to test the hypothesis that there is a direct relationship between the severity of exercise-induced menstrual disturbances and the magnitude of negative energy balance. In addition to weight loss, crosssectional studies in humans suggest that exercise-induced menstrual disturbances are associated with adaptive mechanisms to conserve energy, i.e., alterations in circulating metabolic hormones and substrates, and reductions in components of 24 h energy expenditure such as metabolic rate. Since in vivo and in vitro studies using animal models have suggested mechanistic roles for key metabolic hormones and substrates in the modulation of GnRH neuronal activity with changes in energy balance, prospective studies in humans are now necessary to identify the time course and magnitudes of change of potential key metabolic signals during the development of EIMD. The second specific aim of this proposal is to test the hypothesis that exercise-induced menstrual disturbances are triggered by the development of a particular metabolic state defined by adaptive mechanisms to conserve energy. The significance of this research relates to conditions of infertility, delayed puberty, anovulation, anorexia nervosa, exercise-induced amenorrhea, and the recently identified high incidence of luteal phase disturbances and anovulatory cycles in women exercising even at recreational levels. We expect the results of these studies to provide new and useful information for making specific recommendations regarding the exercise and dietary practices concomitant with maintaining normal, ovulatory menstrual cycles and adequate levels of circulating estrogen and progesterone. The results will also expand our understanding of the mechanism of the modulation of reproductive function by energy availability.