OLFACTION IN EPILEPSY

描述：(改编自《调查者摘要》)初级嗅觉 颞叶癫痫(TLE)患者大脑皮质受损并接受手术治疗 对于难治性的这种疾病(例如，颞叶切除术或TLR)。 尽管许多研究都研究了TLE和TLE的嗅觉功能 对于TLR患者，结果远不是决定性的。在阈值的情况下 措施，例如，一些研究报告说TLE降低了敏感性， 另一些人报告说TLE增加了敏感性，而另一些人则发现没有 TLE对敏感度的影响不大。TLR也是如此。 不幸的是，未知或有问题的可靠性的嗅觉测试 通常，双边测试一直是规则，而不是 例外(双边测试分数反映了 鼻子)，评估的受试者太少，以及 TLE对脑组织的损害尚未量化。此外，由于只有一个 例外情况是，尚未采用TLR之前/之后的设计。因此，非常基本的 关于TLE和TLR对嗅觉能力的影响的问题仍然存在 无人接听。例如，是一些嗅觉能力(例如，检测 敏感度)，但不是其他(例如气味识别)，基本上不敏感 到中央颞叶损伤？是双侧嗅觉功能改变还是 只在癫痫灶的一侧？TLE在多大程度上与嗅觉有关 损失，如果存在，进一步减少TLR？是心理物理嗅觉吗 气味刺激引起的脑电活动变化所反映的损失？ 拟议的研究旨在为这些问题提供明确的答案 其他基本问题，并由复杂嗅觉的假设驱动 任务更有可能受到颞叶病变的影响，而不是复杂程度较低 嗅觉任务。在这项工作中，鼻子的两边将分别进行测试 在相对较大的TLE患者组中进行综合分析 在TLR之后。如果发生以下情况，将使用定量磁共振成像来评估这一关系 测试措施与损坏的体积和位置之间的任何 切除的组织。除了更好地了解 TLE和TLR对人类嗅觉功能的影响，这项工作可能导致 发展一种简单、廉价的非侵入性手段 建立TLE癫痫发作地点。

DESCRIPTION: (Adapted from the Investigator's Abstract) The primary olfactory cortex is compromised in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and by surgical treatment for intractable forms of this disease (e.g., temporal lobe resection or TLR). Although a number of studies have examined olfactory function in both TLE and TLR patients, the results are far from conclusive. In the case of threshold measures, for example, some studies report that TLE decreases sensitivity, other report that TLE increases sensitivity, and still others find no influences of TLE on sensitivity at all. The same is true for TLR. Unfortunately, olfactory tests of unknown or questionable reliability have typically been employed, bilateral testing has been the rule rather than the exception (bilateral test scores reflect the better functioning side of the nose), too few subjects have been evaluated, and the amount or location of brain tissue damaged by TLE has not been quantified. Furthermore, with only one exception, pre-/post TLR designs have not been employed. Thus, very basic questions regarding the influence of TLE and TLR on the ability to smell remain unanswered. For example, are some olfactory abilities (e.g., detection sensitivity), but not others (e.g., odor identification), largely insensitive to central temporal lobe lesions? Is olfactory function altered bilaterally or only on the side of the epileptic foci? To what degree is TLE-related olfactory loss, if present, further attenuated by TLR? Are psychophysical olfactory losses mirrored by changes in EEG activity induced by odorous stimuli? The proposed research is designed to provide definitive answers to these and other basic questions, and is driven by the hypothesis that complex olfactory tasks are more likely influenced by temporal lobe lesions than less complex olfactory tasks. In this work, each side of the nose will be tested separately and comprehensively in a comparatively large group of TLE patients before and after TLR. Quantitative MRI will be employed to assess the relationship, if any, between the test measures and the volume and location of damaged or resected tissue. In addition to providing a better understanding of the influences of TLE and TLR on human olfactory function, this work may lead to the development of a simple and inexpensive non-invasive means for better establishing TLE seizure loci.