DYNAMIC POSTURAL EQUILIBRIUM

描述(改编自申请人的摘要)：跌倒是一种常见的 老年人中的问题。每年大约有一半的居民 养老院经历了下降，在这些人中，约15%是 伤势严重。虽然有许多因素可能与 随着坠落，姿势控制系统的恶化是一个严重的问题 跌倒的风险因素。 本提案旨在提供有关以下方面的证据 以下五个问题：1)线性模型是否足以 捕获姿势控制系统的行为，2)是否 静态平衡的假设得到了 姿势控制系统，3)压力中心(COP)和头部 动作可以互换，4)是否存在共鸣 姿势控制系统中的频率，以及5)是否预期 视觉引导姿势控制中的调节与共振有关 系统中的频率。这些问题中的每一个都可能表现为 与年龄相关的差异可能是姿势减少的诊断 控制老龄化和随之而来的老年人跌倒的风险增加 成年人。 这项研究涉及七个具体目标 项目：1)限制姿势控制模型的选择，2)测试 运动学测量和COP测量是否可以互换使用，3) 提供反对静态或动态均衡的证据 假设，4)测试前3个目标的年龄差异，5) 生成一组年轻人的观察结果，并开发和测试 这些数据中的姿势控制模型，6)对这两个参数进行测试 以及这些模型中与年龄相关的结构差异，以及7)准备 并将数据存档，以供数据共享和纵向跟踪。

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from the Applicant's Abstract): Falling is a common problem among elderly adults. Each year about half the residents of nursing homes experience a fall, and of those individuals about 15% are seriously injured. While there are many factors that may be associated with falling, deterioration of the postural control system is a serious risk factor for falling. This proposal is designed to provide evidence with regard to the following five questions: 1) whether linear models are sufficient to capture the behavior of the postural control system, 2) whether the assumption of static equilibrium is supported by the behavior of the postural control system, 3) whether center of pressure (COP) and head movement can be used interchangeably, 4) whether there exist resonant frequencies in the postural control system, and 5) whether prospective adjustment in visually guided postural control is related to resonant frequencies in the system. Each of these questions is likely to exhibit age-related differences that may be diagnostic of reduced postural control in aging and the attendant increased risk of falling in older adults. There are seven specific aims that are addressed by this research project: 1) constrain the choice of models for postural control, 2) test whether kinematic and COP measurements can be used interchangeably, 3) provide evidence against either the static or dynamic equilibrium hypotheses, 4) test for age-related differences in the first 3 aims, 5) generate a young-adult baseline set of observations and develop and test models of postural control in these data, 6) test for both parametric and structural age-related differences in these models, and 7) prepare and archive the data for data-sharing and longitudinal follow-up.