Programmme of Research in Experimental Particle Physics at the University of Warwick: 2019-2022

拟议的研究范围包括五个不同的领域：在ATLAS实验中寻找希格斯粒子和新现象；LHCb中含有美夸克的粒子的物理学；用T2K和SuperNEMO研究中微子的物理学；新型高能质子、介子、中微子束流加速器的研究与开发探测器的研发。它还包括外展和知识交流项目。o欧洲核子研究中心（CERN）的ATLAS实验是在大型强子对撞机（LHC）上运行的一个大型通用探测器，旨在寻找和研究希格斯玻色子，以及新的奇异物质形式。我们的工作包括帮助实验识别有趣事件的能力，以及帮助构建能够在升级后的大型强子对撞机的新环境中工作的升级探测器。我们还将通过帮助优化希格斯玻色子衰变为tau轻子对（电子的重亲戚）的事件收集，为希格斯玻色子的详细研究做出贡献。我们还将寻找其他更重的外来新玻色子。o我们的目标是在LHCb实验中进一步研究美介子衰变中的物质/反物质不对称性（CP违逆）。这很重要，因为我们在过去的实验中已经表明，弱尺度CP破坏的主要来源与CP破坏的标准模型机制是一致的。然而，宇宙学的考虑表明，在自然界中应该有其他的CP破坏源，所以我们的目标是用美介子进行进一步的敏感测试，以查看是否有任何证据表明在这种衰变中出现了其他CP破坏源。我们还计划研究B介子的罕见衰变，这可能表明粒子物理标准模型之外存在新型相互作用。o中微子性质的阐明。我们已经建立了T2K实验的一部分，目前正在日本进行。对T2K数据的分析有助于最终证明中微子从一种类型转化或“振荡”到另一种类型。我们的目标是继续进行这个实验，以更好地测量这些振荡，并确定反中微子的振荡速率是否相同。与此同时，我们也在深入开展下一代振荡实验的准备工作。DUNE和Hyper-K这两个项目即将结束准备阶段，我们正在硬件和软件方面做出各种贡献，以帮助实验为2026年左右的数据采集做好准备。我们进一步计划为SuperNEMO实验做出贡献，该实验旨在确定中微子作为所谓的狄拉克或马约拉纳粒子的性质。前者有不同的反粒子，后者有自己的反粒子。这个问题可以通过寻找没有中微子的双β衰变来解决。我们将对试图观察这种衰变的“演示模块”获得的数据进行分析。o我们建议继续研究和开发用于产生质子、介子和中微子束的高功率加速器。我们考虑的是未来的中微子工厂，尽管其他机器可能会从我们的研究中受益。这样的中微子工厂，如果建成，将继续发展研究中微子振荡和中微子的物质-反物质不对称性的主题，如上所述。这种机器也可以给医药和工业带来许多好处。o我们建议继续研究和开发位置和能量敏感探测器，用于中微子实验和潜在的工业应用。o我们会继续推行外展计划，包括为本地学校举办活动及在科普刊物刊登文章。o在大学的知识交流策略和精神的支持下，我们会继续寻求各种可能的知识交流途径

The scope of the proposed research lies in five distinct areas: Higgs and new phenomena searches at the ATLAS Experiment; the physics of particles containing the beauty quark at LHCb; the physics of neutrinos with T2K and SuperNEMO; accelerator research and development for new high intensity proton, muon and neutrino beams; detector R&D. It also includes Outreach and Knowledge Exchange programmes. In more detail:o The ATLAS experiment at CERN, a large, general purpose detector operating at the LHC was designed to search for and study the Higgs boson, as well as new exotic forms of matter. Our work involves contributing to the experiment's ability to identify interesting events as well as helping to construct an upgraded detector able to work in the new environment of an upgraded LHC. We will also contribute to the detailed study of the Higgs boson by helping to optimise the collection of events in which it decays to pairs of tau leptons, heavy relatives of the electron. We will also look for other, heavier exotic new bosons.o We aim to further our research into matter/anti-matter asymmetry (CP Violation) in the decays of Beautymesons at the LHCb experiment. This is important, because we have shown in past experiments thatthe leading source of CP violation at the weak scale is consistent with the Standard Model mechanismof CP violation. However, cosmological considerations indicate that there should be other sourcesof CP violation in Nature, so we aim to make further sensitive tests with beauty mesons, in orderto see if any evidence for additional sources of CP violation appear in such decays. We also plan to studyrare decays of B mesons, which may be able to indicate the presence of new types of interactions outside the Standard Model of particle physics.o The elucidation of the properties of neutrinos. We have built part of the T2K experiment which is now operating in Japan. Analyses of T2K data has helped to show conclusively that neutrinos transmute or `oscillate' from one type to the other. We aim to continue running this experiment, to better measure these oscillations, and to establish whether the rate of oscillation is the same for anti-neutrinos. In parallel, we are deeply involved with preparations for the next generation of oscillation experiment. These projects, DUNE and Hyper-K, are coming to the end of the preparatory phase and we are making various contributions in both hardware and software to help enable the experiments to be ready for data taking around 2026. We further plan to contribute to the SuperNEMO experiment, which aims to determine the nature of the neutrino as a so-called Dirac or Majorana particle. The former has distinct anti-particles, while the latter is its own antiparticle. This question may be resolved by searching for double beta decay accompanied by no neutrinos. We will contribute to the analysis of data obtained by a "demonstrator module" attempting to observe such decays.o We propose to continue our research and development of high power accelerators for the generation of proton, muon and neutrino beams. We have in mind future neutrino factories, although other machines could benefit from our research. Such neutrino factories, if built, would continue to develop the theme of research into neutrino oscillations and matter-antimatter asymmetry of neutrinos as outlined above. Such machines could also bring many benefits to medicine and industry.o We propose to continue our research and development of position- and energy-sensitive detectorsfor applications in neutrino experiments and with potential spin-off applications in industry.o We will continue to develop our outreach programme which includes activities for local schoolsand articles in popular science publications.o Supported by a strong University strategy and ethos in knowledge exchange, we will continue to pursue all avenuesfor possible knowledge exchange