Queen's University Belfast Consolidated Grant in Solar Physics and Solar System Studies 2023 - 2026

贝尔法斯特女王大学天体物理研究中心在太阳物理和太阳系天体领域有着长期和非常成功的记录。我们的综合补助金计划涵盖了这些领域的许多主题，属于STFC天文学补助金小组的太阳研究和行星研究小组的职权范围。我们提议的太阳物理项目将利用高空间、光谱和时间分辨率的观测，以及辐射磁流体模拟，来解决该领域的一些关键问题，包括：太阳磁场是如何产生的，它们是如何演变的？太阳大气中的磁能是如何运输、储存和释放的？太阳磁场的结构与我们观察到的动态现象有何关系？更具体地说，我们将确定太阳大气中最小的磁性特征的物理性质，这些特征构成了太阳磁性的基础。我们将研究太阳喷流和太阳黑子中的波动动力学，以及这些波动对整个太阳大气中能量流动的贡献。对太阳光谱中最强的氢-莱曼-阿尔法谱线的观测，将提供对非热电子束和太阳大气对耀斑加热的相应反应的洞察。我们的太阳系项目将利用一系列地面设施来解决管理行星系统形成和演化的过程。他们将研究半人马冰行星的种群，探索它们活动的驱动因素，它们的物理特性和它们活跃的表面演化。我们将研究小行星带的碰撞演化，并调查导致小行星瞬时活动的过程和现象。

The Astrophysics Research Centre at Queen's University Belfast has a long and very successful track record in the areas of solar physics and solar system bodies. Our Consolidated Grant programme covers a number of topics in these areas and falls within the remit of the Solar Studies and Planetary studies sub-panels of STFC's Astronomy Grants Panel. Our proposed solar physics projects will utilise high spatial, spectral and temporal resolution observations, together with radiative magnetohydrodynamic simulations, to address some key questions in the field including: How are solar magnetic fields generated and how do they evolve? How is magnetic energy in the Sun's atmosphere transported, stored and released? How does the structure of solar magnetic fields relate to the dynamic phenomena that we observe? More specifically, we will determine the physical properties of the smallest magnetic features in the Sun's atmosphere which constitute the building blocks of solar magnetism. We will study wave dynamics in solar jets and sunspots and the contribution of these waves to the energy flow throughout the solar atmosphere. Observations in the hydrogen Lyman-alpha, the strongest line in the solar spectrum, will provide insights into nonthermal electron beams and the corresponding response of the solar atmosphere to flare heating. Our Solar System projects will utilise a range of ground-based facilities to address the processes that govern the formation and evolution of planetary systems. They will study the Centaurs population of icy planetesimals, probe the drivers of their activity, their physical properties and their active surface evolution. We will study the collisional evolution of the asteroid belt and investigate the processes and phenomena that lead to the transient activity in asteroids.