Gaia CU9: facilitating UK exploitation of Gaia data

这项工作将通过支持英国在提供盖亚数据档案方面的领导角色，参与科学需求定义、文档和档案设计的关键领域，确保盖亚数据以最适合英国科学开发的方式提供。盖亚是欧空局的基石任务，它提供了第一个天空的天文测量普查。大约有20亿个资源被调查；使银河系结构与演化、恒星演化、太阳系动力学、系外行星系统、宇宙学和基础物理学取得重大进展。盖亚于2013年12月发射升空。第三次数据发布（2022年6月13日）产生的庞大数据集继续彻底改变天体物理学的许多领域。第四次和第五次发布的数据分别是名义任务和延长任务阶段的全部数据。随着完整的纪元数据在两者中被释放，盖亚的全部潜力将被实现。该提案旨在进一步支持英国对盖亚协调单位9 （CU9，出版盖亚档案）的贡献，以实现盖亚数据的发布，特别是在：(1)组织和监督beta测试活动；(2)协调发行文件，准备不同格式的文件展示；(3)在处理大容量、多维数据方面增强归档功能；(4)验证时间序列光度变率数据；(5)支持进一步开发TOPCAT公共访问接口软件。第四次数据发布是本次资助期的重点，将涵盖60个月观测的所有历元数据，包含天体测量、光度测量和径向速度方面的10^12个条目。

This work will ensure Gaia data is made available in a manner which is optimal for UK science exploitation, by supporting UK leadership roles in the delivery of the Gaia Data Archive, with involvement in the key areas of science requirements definition, documentation, and archive design. Gaia is the cornerstone ESA mission which is providing the first astrometric census of the sky. Of order two billion sources are surveyed; allowing major advances in Galactic structure and evolution, stellar evolution, solar system dynamics, exoplanetary systems, cosmology and fundamental physics. Gaia was launched in December 2013. The huge data set resulting from the third data release (13 June 2022) continues to revolutionise much of astrophysics. The fourth and fifth data releases represent the full releases from the nominal mission and extended mission phases respectively. With the full epoch data to be released in both, the full potential of Gaia will be realised. This proposal is to further support the UK contributions to the Gaia Coordination Unit 9 (CU9, Publication of the Gaia archive) in enabling the Gaia data releases, especially in: (1) the organization and supervision of the beta-testing activities; (2) coordinating the release documentation and preparing the presentation of the documentation in different formats; (3) archive enhancements in dealing with high volume, multi-dimensional data; (4) Validation of the time series photometric variability data and (5) support for further developments of the TOPCAT public-access interface software. The fourth data release, the focus of this grant period, will cover all epoch data for 60 months of observations, and contain of order 10^12 entries, in astrometry, photometry and radial velocities.