ANISOTROPY IN MYOCARDIAL ULTRASOUND

描述（改编自申请人摘要）：这是 一个项目，以表征心肌组织的超声特性， 健康和疾病，并利用这些知识， 评估局部心肌灌注、功能和存活性的方法。 他们在以前的工作中发现， 的超声的变化基本上与声穿透的角度相对 心肌壁纤维的局部排列。 这种各向异性 在很大程度上被忽视，但被认为是负责辍学， 在一些心脏的视图中，侧壁回声。 特别 在组织定征中非常重要， 由疾病或其他异常引起的性质必须在 由于入射角的变化而产生的表面。 声学造影 具有评估局部心肌灌注的潜力，但它们 已经发现反向散射和衰减的各向异性混淆了这些 测量也是。 在这次竞争性更新中，他们建议：1） 测量超声背向散射、衰减和速度的各向异性 在心肌组织中并描绘责任机制; 2）发展 利用知识和克服潜力的战略 各向异性在超声心动图成像、组织 表征和对比超声心动图;和3）提供基线 了解心肌力学和弹性特性的各向异性 提高对正常和患病心脏的心脏力学的理解。

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from applicant's abstract): This is a continuation of a project to characterize the ultrasonic properties of myocardial tissue in health and disease and to utilize this knowledge in the development of methods to assess regional myocardial perfusion, function, and viability. They have found in previous work that velocity, backscatter, and attenuation of ultrasound vary substantially with the angle of insonification relative to the local arrangement of fibers in the myocardial walls. This anisotropy has largely been ignored, but is thought to be responsible for the drop out of lateral wall echoes in some views of the heart. It is especially important in tissue characterization where subtle changes in ultrasonic properties caused by disease or other abnormalities must be detected in the face of alterations due to angle of incidence. Contrast echocardiography has the potential for assessment of regional myocardial perfusion, but they have found that anisotropy of backscatter and attenuation confounds these measurements as well. In this competitive renewal they propose to: 1) measure the anisotropy of ultrasonic backscatter, attenuation, and velocity in myocardial tissue and delineate the responsible mechanisms; 2) develop strategies for exploiting the knowledge and overcoming the potential difficulties anisotropy presents in echocardiographic imaging, tissue characterization, and contrast echocardiography; and 3) provide baseline knowledge of the anisotropy of myocardial mechanical and elastic properties to improve understanding of cardiac mechanics in normal and diseased hearts.