EXTINCTION AND RECOVERY OF CONDITIONED AVERSIONS

减少条件性反应的程序，如灭绝，仍在继续 广泛用于情绪的治疗和控制，药理， 和行为障碍。它们的广泛使用仍在继续，尽管缺乏 对这类治疗的基本流程有全面的了解。这个 拟议中的实验考察了导致物种灭绝的过程 条件性反应和其他减少或防止 条件性反应，如阻塞，以及鼓励 并阻碍从这种治疗中恢复，包括影响 上下文操作、保留间隔、恢复处理和 比较器进程。这些结果的潜在应用 实验将有助于证明条件性反应的恢复， 例如，恐惧是一种基于创伤性事件的刺激，一种条件性的 药物效应，或对食物物质的厌恶会受到 因素，如上下文线索，重新体验与 创伤性或厌恶性发作及保留间期的影响 这样的回忆。人力资本倡议说明了 开发缓解和理解心理的工具的条件反射 健康障碍：“我们还知道，学习和 条件反射参与了环境因素的影响 精神变态学。例如，创伤后应激障碍被触发 通过极端的外部应激源，并通常通过行为来缓解 使用学习和条件反射技术的治疗“(HCI，报告3， 第一章)。此外，目前在条件化领域的一些工作 最容易应用于治疗环境的实验是 背景，既得联系的消亡，以及恢复 熄灭的记忆；这描述了计划中的大部分努力 请在本提案中加以说明。

Procedures that reduce conditioned responses, such as extinction, continue to be widely used in treatment and control of emotional, pharmacologic, and behavior disorders. Their widespread use continues despite a lack of complete understanding of the processes underlying such treatments. The proposed experiments examine the processes underlying extinction of conditioned responding and other treatments that reduce or prevent conditioned responding such as blocking, as well as factors that encourage and discourage recovery from such treatments, including the influence of context manipulations, retention intervals, reinstatement treatments, and comparator processes. The potential application of the results of these experiments will serve to show whether recovery of conditioned responses, for example, fear a stimulus based on a traumatic episode, a conditioned drug effect, or an aversion to a food substance will be affected by factors such as contextual cues, reexperiencing cues related to the traumatic or aversion episode, and the influence of retention intervals on such memories. The Human Capital Initiative illustrates the importance of conditioning to developing tools for alleviating and understanding mental health disorders when it states: "We also known that learning and conditioning are involved in the impact of environmental factors in psychopathology. For example, post-traumatic stress disorder is triggered by extreme external stressors and is often alleviated by behavioral treatments using learning and conditioning techniques"(HCI, Report 3, Chapter 1). Moreover, some of the current work in the conditioning field most readily applied to therapeutic settings are experiments involving context, extinction of acquired associations, and the reinstatement of extinguished memories; and this describes much of the planned efforts describe in the present proposal.