MEASURING PREJUDICE USING EVENT-RELATED BRAIN POTENTIALS

描述（改编自研究者摘要）：拟议项目是 旨在开发和验证一种基于大脑的生理测量， 偏见这项测量依赖于事件相关脑电位（ERP）， 在一般态度领域中经常使用， 对态度效价和极端程度的影响。拟议 研究将修改现有的范式，以评估ERP的可靠性， 衡量对社会群体态度的个体差异， 与行为的关系，以及它与现存的隐含和 偏见和陈规定型观念的明确措施。对反应性的担忧 自我报告的措施，推动了发展的隐性措施， 偏见和成见。拟议中的研究代表了重要的一步 扩大我们的测量范围，包括生理测量。ERP具有 相对于隐式测量的几个独特和有利的特征。而 隐含的措施是间接措施的定义，ERP是一个直接的， 在线测量信息处理活动。ERP也很敏感 对潜在的评价概念本身，即使这种评价是 与明确的口头报告不一致。最近的研究还表明， ERP不仅对有意的评价敏感，而且对更多的评价敏感。 自发激活的评价性判断。因此，ERP可能有助于 标记个人甚至可能不打算的早期评估反应。的 因此，ERP偏见测量的发展可能有助于我们 对偏见的理解，特别是关于一个社会群体如何 一个群体可能会产生不同的、有时甚至是相互冲突的评价倾向 这取决于所使用的措施的类型。

DESCRIPTION (adapted from investigator's abstract): The proposed project is designed to develop and validate a physiological, brain-based measure of prejudice. This measure, which relies on event-related brain potentials (ERPs), has been used frequently in the general attitudes domain, where its sensitivity to attitude valence and degree of extremity has been demonstrated. The proposed research will modify this existing paradigm to assess ERP reliability as a measure of individual differences in attitudes toward social groups, its relation to behavior, and the extent to which it relates to extant implicit and explicit measures of prejudice and stereotyping. Concern about the reactivity of self-report measures has fueled development of implicit measures of prejudice and stereotyping. The proposed research represents an important step to expanding our range of measures to include physiological ones. ERPs have several unique and advantageous features relative to implicit measures. Whereas implicit measures are by definition indirect measures, the ERP is a direct, on-line measure of information processing activities. ERPs are also sensitive to the underlying evaluative percept itself, even when this evaluation is inconsistent with explicit verbal reports. Recent research also reveals that ERPs are sensitive not only to intentional evaluations, but also to more spontaneously activated evaluative judgments. Thus, ERPs may be useful in marking early evaluative responses that an individual may not even intend. The development of an ERP measure of prejudice may therefore aid in our understanding of prejudice, especially with respect to how a single social group can produce different and sometimes conflicting evaluative dispositions depending on the type of measure being used.