Alcohol and Women's Responses to Aggression

（订正） 描述（由申请人提供）：拟议的研究将使用实验模拟方法来检查管理酒精对女性识别攻击风险和攻击反应的影响。 虽然许多研究表明妇女饮酒与受害之间存在联系，但很少有人研究酒精对妇女脆弱性的直接影响，或探讨酒精增加受害的机制。 脆弱性的结果。这项研究有望有助于对酒精和受害的理论理解，同时为制定有效的妇女预防方案提供实际指导。这一R21提案涉及NIAAA关于酒精与暴力之间关系的特别重点领域。 它是特斯塔博士目前资助的独立科学家奖和2000年妇女项目的产物。 参加者将包括105名21-32岁的未婚妇女，她们是通过随机数字拨号从社区招募的，完成了2000年妇女项目的参与，并符合资格标准。女性将被随机分配接受酒精（足以将BAL提高到0.08），无酒精或安慰剂。他们将回应一个3部分的书面小插曲 描述一个假设的情况。在第一部分，其中的情况是积极的描述，该名男子的看法和预期的行为将进行评估。 场景的第二部分包括暗示攻击性的线索，而第三部分描述了更明显的攻击性。风险识别和对攻击的预期反应将在第2部分和第3部分之后进行评估。 与清醒的女性相比，饮酒的女性预计会感知到更少的风险，预计会从事更危险的行为，并预计对男性攻击性行为的抵抗力更低。然而，与酒精近视理论相一致，我们预测，酒精相关的损害将相对更大时，侵略线索是微妙的情况下，侵略是突出的。几个潜在的协变量的作用：喜欢男人，自信，酒精预期，和以前的侵略，也将被考虑。

(Revised) DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed study will examine the impact of administered alcohol on women's recognition of aggression risk and responses to aggression using experimental analog methodology. Although many studies have shown an association between women's alcohol consumption and victimization, few have examined the direct effects of alcohol on women's vulnerability or explored the mechanisms by which increased vulnerability results. The study promises to contribute to theoretical understanding of alcohol and victimization, while providing practical guidance in developing effective prevention programs for women. This R21 proposal addresses NIAAA's special emphasis area on the relationships between alcohol and violence. It is an outgrowth of Dr. Testa's currently funded Independent Scientist Award and Women 2000 project. Participants will consist of 105 unmarried women, 21-32 years of age, who were recruited from the community using random digit dialing, completed participation in the Women 2000 project, and meet eligibility criteria. Women will be randomly assigned to receive alcohol (sufficient to raise BAL to .08), no alcohol, or a placebo. They will respond to a 3-part written vignette describing a hypothetical situation. After Part 1, in which the situation is described positively, perceptions of the man and intended behaviors will be assessed. The second part of the scenario includes cues suggestive of aggression, while the third part depicts more obvious aggression. Risk recognition and anticipated responses to aggression will be assessed after Parts 2 and 3. Compared to sober women, women who consume alcohol are expected to perceive less risk, anticipate engaging in more risky behavior, and anticipate less resistance to the man's aggressive behavior. However, consistent with alcohol myopia theory, we predict that alcohol-related impairment will be relatively greater when aggression cues are subtle compared to the situation in which aggression is salient. The role of several potential covariates: liking for man, assertiveness, alcohol expectancies, and previous aggression, also will be considered.